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Estudos cientificos

CAMPOS ELECTROMAGNÉTICOS E EFEITOS NA SAÚDE

SCIENTIFIC PAPERS – EMF AND HEALTH EFFECTS
 

(Anselmo)
   http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1413-81232005000500010&script=sci_arttext
(avaate) http://avaate.org/IMG/pdf/influence_of_high_frequency_electromagnetic_radiation_at_non_thermal_intensities.pdf
(buerg) http://www.buergerwelle.de/pdf/cellularantenna_neil_cherryj3.htm
(Clegg) The secret inside your cellphone (CBC Marketplace)
   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wm69ik_Qdb8&feature=youtu.be  min 18:27
   Frank Clegg: http://vitalitymagazine.com/article/invisible-threat/
   http://c4st.org/200-scientific-studies-reporting-potential-harm-non-thermal-levels/ (Guru) http://www.feb.se/emfguru/
(Koylu) http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1191/0748233706th263oa?journalCode=tiha
(Lai) References reporting biological effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) at low intensities through January 2005, compiled on 12/27/04
   by Henry C. Lai PhD, Research Professor of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
(http://www.iaff.org/safe/content/celltower/celltowerfinal.htm#ref49)  – link quebrado 170617, usar este: http://www.iaff.org/HS/Resi/CellTowerFinal.htm 
(Nexus 14(5)) Nexus Magazine 14(5)
(nrc) http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/A10-018?src=recsys#.WTLUZcm1ugQ
(Pall) http://scopro.de/content/uploads/Wi-Fi-MPall_2017.pdf
(PH) Philips, Alasdair and Jean.  2006.  The Powerwatch Handbook – Simple ways to Make You and Your Family Safer. Piatkus Books Ltd,
   Londres, R.Unido, 294 pp
(Pilette) http://next-up.org/pdf/DrJeanPiletteAntennesTelephonieMobileTechnologiesSansFilEtSante.pdf
(portal) https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/11809
(portal1) https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/9585
(portal2) https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/16801
(pwt) Papers compiled by www.powerwatch.org.uk (http://www.powerwatch.org.uk/studies.asp; http://www.powerwatch.org.uk/masts.asp)
(revolt) http://www.revolt.co.uk/trentham/shrisk1.html
(ussr) http://www.emfacts.com/ussr_review.pdf

+3700 referências sobre radiações micro-ondas compiladas por pesquisadores ao serviço dos militares até 1976: Google: NMRI 1976 pdf
3700+ references on microwave radiations compiled by researchers working for the military up to 1976: Google: NMRI 1976 pdf

Studies showing effect, condensed list (3rd edition)  


 

   Tutorial on how to use the condnesed list here

A

Aalto S, Haarala C, Bruck A, Sipila H, Hamalainen H, Rinne JO (2006) Mobile phone affects cerebral blood flow in humans, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Jul;  26(7):885-890. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16495939 Our results provide the first evidence, suggesting that the EMF emitted by a commercial mobile phone affects regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in humans (Pilette)

Abdel-Rassoul G et al, (2006) Neurobehavioral effects among inhabitants around mobile phone base stations, Neurotoxicology 28(2): 434-440. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16962663 [Ahead of Print] (pwt) The prevalence of neuropsychiatric complaints as headache (23.5%), memory changes (28.2%), dizziness (18.8%), tremors (9.4%), depressive symptoms (21.7%), and sleep disturbance (23.5%) were significantly higher among exposed inhabitants than controls

Aberumand, Mohammad; Esrafil Mansouri, Fatemeh pourmotahari, Maryam Mirlohi, and Zahra Abdoli (2016) Biochemical and Histological Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation on Enzymes and Tissues of Mice. September–October 2016 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences (RJPBCS) 7(5) Page No. 1962 https://www.rjpbcs.com/pdf/2016_7(5)/[248].pdf exposure to EMR led to a marked reduction in total protein and albumin in the exposed group

Abo-Neima, Sahar E.; Motaweh, Hussein A.; Tourk, Hassan M.; Ragab, Marzoga F. (2016) Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on kidney functions of albino rats in vivo study. American Journal of Biomedical Sciences. 2016, Vol. 8 Issue 4, p247-258. 12p. electric field can induce significant increase in the levels of kidney profile creatinine & urea

Aboul Ezz, H. S., Khadrawy, Y. A., Ahmed, N. A., Radwan, N. M., & El Bakry, M. M. (2013). The effect of pulsed electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone on the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in four different areas of rat brain. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 17(13), 1782–1788. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23852905

Achudume, A. (2010). Induction of Oxidative Stress in Male Rats Subchronically Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields at Non-Thermal Intensities. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 03(08), 482–487. (Clegg)

Adey, W.R., 1975: Introduction: Effects of electromagnetic radiation on the nervous system”. Annals N.Y. Acad Sci 247, February, 15-20 – “It has become clear […] that interactions with the mammalian central nervous system can be reliably produced by oscillating electric and electromagnetic fields without significant heating of tissues”. (buerg)

Adey, W.R., 1979: Neurophysiologic effects of Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation”. Bull N.Y. Acad Med 55(11): 1079-93 – contains evidence of other windows for ELF induced Ca2+ efflux in chick and cat brains, e.g. 5, 10, 56 and 100 V/m and other microwave intensity windows for Ca2+ influx and efflux. (buerg)

Adey WR, Bawin SM, Lawrence AF (1982) “Effects of weak amplitude-modulated microwave fields on calcium efflux from awake cat cerebral cortex”, Bioelectromagnetics 3(3):295-307. (Pilette)

Agarwal, A., Desai, N. R., Makker, K., Varghese, A., Mouradi, R., Sabanegh, E., & Sharma, R. (2009). Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study. Fertility and Sterility, 92(4), 1318–1325. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18804757

Ahlbom A, Day N, Feychting M , Roman E, Skinner J, Dockerty J, Mcbride M, Michaelis J, Olsen JH, Tynes T, Verkasalo PK (2000) Br J Cancer; 83(5), 692-698 – a pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia. (revolt)

Ahlbom A (2001) Neurodegenerative diseases, suicide and depressive symptoms in relation to EMF, Bioelectromag Suppl 5:S132-S143. (Anselmo)

Ahmad M, Galland P, Ritz T, Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (2006) Magnetic intensity affects cryptochrome-dependent responses in Arabidopsis thaliana, Planta Sep 6;  [Epub. ahead of print] (Pilette)

Ahuja YR, Bhargava A, Sircar S, Rizwani W, Lima S, Devadas AH, Bhargava SC (1997) Comet assay to evaluate DNA damage caused by magnetic fields, In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility, India Hyderabad, December 1997: 272-276 – chronic exposure to the doses used in the present study may result in an increased incidence of congenital malformations and cancer. (buerg)

Ahuja YR et al. (1999) In vitro effects of low level, low frequency eletromagnetic fields on DNA damage in human leucocytes by comet assay, Indian J Biochem Biophysics 36:318-22. (Anselmo)

Aitken RJ, Bennetts LE, Sawyer D, Wiklendt AM, King BV (2005) Impact of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on DNA integrity in the male germline. Int J Androl 2005, 28(3), 171-179. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15910543 “a significant genotoxic effect on epididymal spermatozoa is evident and deserves further investigation”

Akar, A., Karayigit, M. O., Bolat, D., Gultiken, M. E., Yarim, M., & Castellani, G. (2013). Effects of low level electromagnetic field exposure at 2.45 GHz on rat cornea. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 89(4), 243–249. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23206266

Akdag, M. Z., Dasdag, S., Canturk, F., Karabulut, D., Caner, Y., & Adalier, N. (2016). Does prolonged radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi devices induce DNA damage in various tissues of rats? Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26775760

Akdag, Mehmet; Suleyman Dasdag, Fazile Canturk & Mehmet Zulkuf Akdag (2018) Exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones induced DNA damage in human ear canal hair follicle cells. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine Volume 37, 2018 – Issue 2 Pages 66-75 doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2018.1463246 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15368378.2018.1463246?journalCode=iebm20  This study shows “a positive correlation betwen duration of exposure and DNA damage.” vi aqui: https://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks

Al-Akhras M et al. 2001. Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field don fertility of adult male and female rats, Bioeletromag 22(5):340-344. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11424157 Exposure of adult female rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields for 90 days before mating significantly reduced their fertility (Anselmo)

Al-Khlaiwi T, Meo SA (2004) Association of mobile phone radiation with fatigue, headache, dizziness, tensio and sleep disturbance in Saudi population, Saudi Med J Jun; 25 (6):732-736 (Pilette)

Albert  E.N., Sherif  M., “ Morphological changes in cerebellum of neonatal rats exposed to 2.45 Ghz microwaves”, Prog Clin Biol Res 1988; 257:135-151. (Pilette)

Aldad, T. S., Gan, G., Gao, X.-B., & Taylor, H. S. (2012). Fetal radiofrequency radiation exposure from 800-1900 mhz-rated cellular telephones affects neurodevelopment and behavior in mice. Scientific Reports, 2, 312. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224280

Alhusseiny A, Al-Nimer M and A. Majeed. (2012) “Electromagnetic energy radiated from mobile phone alters electrocardiographic records of patients with ischemic heart disease.” Annals of Medical and Health Science Research, vol. 2, no. 2, 2012, pp. 146-51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23440607 Prolongation of QTc interval was significantly observed

Alkis ME, Bilgin HM, Akpolat V, Dasdag S, Yegin K, Yavas MC, Akdag MZ. (2019) Effect of 900-, 1800-, and 2100MHz radiofrequency radiation on DNA and oxidative stress in brain. Electromagn Biol Med. 2019 Jan 22:1-16. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1567526. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30669883 Results of the study showed that DNA damage and oxidative stress indicators were found higher in the RFR exposure groups (Mosko)

Altpeter, E.S., Krebs, Th., Pfluger, D.H., von Kanel, J., Blattmann, R., et al., 1995: “Study of health effects of Shortwave Transmitter Station of Schwarzenburg, Berne, Switzerland”. University of Berne, Institute for Social and Preventative Medicine, August 1995 – found a causal relationship between sleep disturbance and subsequent chronic fatigue, and short-wave radio exposures at extremely low mean levels. (buerg)

Ammari, M., Lecomte, A., Sakly, M., Abdelmelek, H., and de Seze, R. (2008). Exposure to GSM 900 MHz  elec tromagnetic fields affects cerebral cytochrome c oxidase activity. Toxicology 250, 70-74. vi aqui: https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/about_ntp/trpanel/2018/march/tr595peerdraft.pdf www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585429 84

Ammari, M., Gamez, C., Lecomte, A., Sakly, M., Abdelmelek, H., & De Seze, R. (2010). GFAP expression in the rat brain following sub-chronic exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field signal. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 86(5), 367–375. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397841 sub-chronic exposures to a 900 MHz EMF signal for two months could adversely affect rat brain

Andreev, Ye.A., Beliy, M.U. & Sit’ko, S.P. (1984) Occurrence of the human body’s own characteristic frequencies. Documents of AN USSR, B(10):60-63, 1984. (avaate table 4 nr. 24)

Andreev, Ye.A., Beliy, M.U. & Sit’ko, S.P. (1985) Reaction of the human  organism  to  electromagnetic  radiation of the millimeter range. Vestnik AN SSSR 1:24-32, 1985. (avaate table 4 nr. 24)

Andrienko LG (1977) Experimental study of the effects of industrial frequency electromagnetic fields on reproductive function, JPRS, 70101:1-5.

Andrzejak R et al, (August 2008) The influence of the call with a mobile phone on heart rate variabilityparameters in healthy volunteers, Ind Health. 2008 Aug;46(4):409-17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18716391 full text: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23183556_The_Influence_of_the_Call_with_a_Mobile_Phone_on_Heart_Rate_Variability_Parameters_in_Healthy_Volunteers time domain parameters such as standard deviation of all normal sinus RR intervals and standard deviation of the averaged normal sinus RR intervals for all 5-mm segments were significantly increased (Moef)

Anisimov VN, Zabezhinskiy MA, Muratov Ye. I ., Popovich IG, Arutyunan AV, et al. (1998) Influence of radiation  from video terminals of personal computers on estrous function, melatonin levels and free radical processes in laboratory rodents. Biophysics, 43(1):165-170, – showed that chronic irradiation from the video terminals of personal computers causes acceleration of sexual maturation and premature termination of reproductive functions in female mice, and reduces nocturnal levels of melatonin in blood serum. (ussr)

Anselmo CWSF, Bion FM, Catanho MTJA, Medeiros MC, “Potential adverse effects of electromagnetic fields (50/60 Hz) on humans and animals”, Ciênc. saúde coletiva Sept./Dec. 2005, vol.10 suppl, p.71-82. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-81232005000500010

Anselmo, CWSF., Silva, TL.; Holanda, TG.; Prado, LVS.; Cabral-Filho, JE.; Catanho, MTJA.; Medeiros, MC. (2008) Influence of a 60 Hz, 3 µT, electromagnetic field on the somatic maturation of wistar rat offspring fed a regional basic diet during pregnancy. Braz. J. Biol. vol.68 no.3 São Carlos Aug. 2008 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842008000300023

Arber, S.L. & Adzhimulaev, T.A. (1980) Is detection of super-high frequency  electromagnetic  fields by nerve cell membranes possible? Elektron. Obrabotka materialov 1:74-75, 1980. (avaate table 4 no. 16)

Archimbaud, E., Charrin, C., Guyotat, D., and Viala, J-J, 1989: “Acute myelogenous leukaemia following exposure to microwaves”. British Journal of Haematology, 73(2): 272-273. (buerg)

Arnetz, B.B. and Berg, M., 1996: “Melatonin and Andrenocorticotropic Hormone levels in video display unit workers during work and leisure. J Occup Med 38(11): 1108-1110. (buerg)

Atasoy, H. I., Gunal, M. Y., Atasoy, P., Elgun, S., & Bugdayci, G. (2013). Immunohistopathologic demonstration of deleterious effects on growing rat testes of radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 9(2), 223–229. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22465825

Atli E, Unlu H (2006) The effects of microwave frequency electromagnetic fields on the development of Drosophila melanogaster, Int J Radiat Biol Jun; 82(6): 435-441. (Pilette)

Atli S’ekeroglu, Z., Akar, A., & S’ekeroglu, V. (2013). Evaluation of the cytogenotoxic damage in immature and mature rats exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 89(11), 985–992. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23718180

Augner, C., Hacker, G. W., Oberfeld, G., Florian, M., Hitzl, W., Hutter, J., & Pauser, G. (2010). Effects of Exposure to GSM Mobile Phone Base Station Signals on Salivary Cortisol, Alpha-Amylase, and Immunoglobulin A. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 23(3), 199–207 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708499

Austrian Medical Association. (2012). Guideline of the Austrian Medical Association for the diagnosis and treatment of EMF- related health problems and illnesses (EMF syndrome). Consensus paper of the Austrian Medical Association’s EMF Working Group ( AG-EMF) EMF Guideline OAK-AG 2012 03 03.pdf. Austrian Medical Association [Internet]. 2012; Available from: http://freiburger- appell-2012.info/media/EMF%20Guideline%20OAK-AG%20%202012%2003%2003.pdf. (Clegg)

Auvinen A, Hietanen M, Luukkonen R, Koskela RS (2002)  Brain tumors and salivary gland cancers among cellular telephone users, Epidemiology May; 13(3):356-359. (Pilette)

Avendaño, C., Mata, A., Sanchez Sarmiento, C. A., & Doncel, G. F. (2012). Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation. Fertility and Sterility, 97(1), 39–45.e2. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22112647  

Aydin B, Akar A (2011) Effects of a 900-MHz electromagnetic field on oxidative stress parameters in rat lymphoid organs, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma. Arch Med Res. 2011 May;42(4):261-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21820603  (Pall)

Aydogan F, Unlu I, Aydin E, Yumusak N, Devrim E, Samim EE, Ozgur E, Unsal V, Tomruk A, Ozturk GG, Seyhan N. (2015a) The effect of 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation of a 3G mobile phone on the parotid gland of rats. Am J Otolaryngol. 2015 Jan-Feb;36(1):39-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25456509

Aydoan F, Ayd1n E, Koca G, Özgür E, Atilla P, Tüzüner A, Demirci ^, Tomruk A, Öztürk GG, Seyhan N, Korkmaz M, Müftüolu S, Samim EE. (2015b) The effects of 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation on nasal mucosa and mucociliary clearance in rats. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Jul;5(7):626-32. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25885019

Aynali, G., Naz1roglu, M., C’elik, O., Dogan, M., Yar1ktas’, M., & Yasan, H. (2013). Modulation of wireless (2.45 GHz)-induced oxidative toxicity in laryngotracheal mucosa of rat by melatonin. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology: Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto- Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS): Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino- Laryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, 270(5), 1695–1700. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23479077

B

(início)

Bak, M., Dudarewicz, A., Zmyslony, M., & Sliwinska-Kowalska, M. (2010). Effects of GSM signals during exposure to event related potentials (ERPs). International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 23(2), 191–199. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20682490  (Clegg)

Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K. and Harrison, G.H., 1985: Evidence for microwave carcinogenesis”. Carcinogenesis, 6: 859-864. (buerg)

Balcer-Kubiczek EK, Harrison GH (1989) Induction of neoplastic transformation in C3H/10T1/2 cells by 2.45-GHz microwaves and phorbol ester”, Radiat Res Mar;117(3): 531-537. (Pilette)

Balcer-Kubiczek, E.K. and Harrison, G.H., 1991: “Neoplastic transformation of C3H/10T1/2 cells following exposure to 120Hz modulated 2.45 GHz microwaves and phorbol ester tumor promoter”. Radiation Research, 125: 65-72 – Together with TPA, microwaves significantly increase the number of neoplastically transformed cells in a significant dose response manner. (buerg)

Balci, M., Namuslu, M., Devrim, E., & Durak, I. (2009). Effects of computer monitor-emitted radiation on oxidant/antioxidant balance in cornea and lens from rats. Molecular Vision, 15, 2521–2525. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19960068 (Clegg)

Ballardin, M., Tusa, I., Fontana, N., Monorchio, A., Pelletti, C., Rogovich, A., … Scarpato, R. (2011). Non-thermal effects of 2.45 GHz microwaves on spindle assembly, mitotic cells and viability of Chinese hamster V-79 cells. Mutation Research, 716(1–2), 1–9. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21827772

Balmori A (2005) Possible effects of electromagnetic fields from phone masts on a population of white stork (Ciconia ciconia), Electromag Biol Med 24: 109-119. (Pilette)

Balmori A, Hallberg Ö (2007) The Urban Decline of the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus): A Possible Link with Electromagnetic Radiation. Electromagn Biol Med 2007; 26 (2): 141-151 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17613041 (portal) NOVO 170607

Balmori, Alfonso & Örjan Hallberg (2009) The Urban Decline of the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus): A Possible Link with Electromagnetic Radiation Pages 141-151 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009 doi.org/10.1080/15368370701410558 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15368370701410558?journalCode=iebm20 significantly low bird density was observed in areas with high electric field strength

Balmori A. 2010. Mobile phone mast effects on common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles: the city turned into a laboratory. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 29(1–2): 31-35 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15368371003685363?journalCode=iebm20 (nrc) NOVO 170603

Balode Sci Total Environ 180(1):81-85, 1996 – blood cells from cows from a farm close and in front of a radar installation showed significantly higher level of severe genetic damage. (Lai)

Balodis, V., Brumelis, G., Kalviskis, K., Nikodemus, O., Tjarve, D., and Znotina, V., 1996: “Does the Skrunda Radio Location Station diminish the radial growth of pine trees?”. The Science of the Total Environment, Vol 180, pp 57-64 – A statistically significant (P<0.01) negative correlation between the relative additional increment in tree growth and the intensity of the electric field. The Pine trees at 4 km were exposed to a range of 0.011 to 0.41 µW/cm², a mean open field exposure of 0.039 µW/cm² and measured distance exposure of 0.0027 µW/cm² (for the radar signal). A probable biological mechanism was identified through observed changes in physiological conditions. (buerg)

Band, P.R., Spinelli, J.J., Ng, V.T., Moody, J. and Gallagher, R.P., 1990: “Mortality and cancer incidence in a cohort of commercial airline pilots”. Aviat Space Environ Med 61(4): 299-302 – Canada, Commecial pilots, ELF/RF SMR = 4.17 (1.4-9.5), p=0.017 n=4 SIR = 3.45 (1.2-7.9), p=0.03 n=4. (buerg)

Band, P.R., Le, N.D., Fang, R., Deschamps, R., Coldman, A., Gallagher, R.P. and Moody, J., 1996: “Cohort study of Air Canada pilots: mortality incidence and leukaemia risk. Am J Epidemiol 143(2):137-143. (buerg)

Banik S, Bandyopadhyay S, Ganguly S. 2003 Bioeffects of microwave–a brief review. Bioresour Technol. 2003 Apr;87(2):155-9. doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00169-4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12765354 vi aqui: List-of-170-EMF-Review-Studies-M.-Pall.pdf “microwave eects were established at all biological levels, from microbial cells to animals as well as the human system”

Baranski S, Edelwejn Z (1975) Experimental morphologic and lectroencephalographic studies of microwave effects on the nervous system, Ann NY Acad Sci Feb 28;247: 109-116. (Pilette) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/22971267_Experimental_morphologic_and_electroencephalographic_studies_of_microwave_effects_on_the_nervous_system “The most salient changes were obtained in animals exposed to pulsed microwaves”

Baris D, Armstrong B (1990) Suicide among electric utility workers in England and Wales, Br J Indust Med 47:788-789 – found RF exposure shows a significant 53% increase in suicide for British Radio and Radar Mechanics, and 156 % increase for Telegraph radio operators. (buerg)

Baris D, Armstrong BG, Deadman J & Thériault GA 1996. Mortality study of electrical utility workers in Quebec, Occup Environ Med 53: 25-31. (Anselmo)

Barnes, F and Greenenbaum, B (2016) Some Effects of Weak Magnetic Fields on Biological Systems: RF elds can change radical concentrations and cancer cell growth rates. IEEE Power Electronics Magazine, 3(1):60–68, March. DOI: 10.1109/MPEL.2015.2508699 (Noda) https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7425396   https://ehtrust.org/ieee-publishes-effects-weak-magnetic-fields-biological-systems-rf-fields-can-change-radical-concentrations-cancer-cell-growth-rates/ ” they propose a hypothesis that long-term exposure to weak magnetic fields can lead to elevated radical concentrations and an association with aging, cancer, and Alzheimer’s.”

Barteri M, Pala A, Rotella S (2005) Structural and kinetic effects of mobile phone microwaves on acetylcholinesterase activity, Biophys Chem, Mar 1;113(3): 245-253. (Pilette)

Bartsch H, Küpper H, Scheurlen U, Deerberg F, Seebald E, Dietz K, Mecke D, Probst H, Stehle T, Bartsch C (2010) Effect of chronic exposure to a GSM-like signal (mobile phone) on survival of female Sprague-Dawley rats: Modulatory effects by month of birth and possibly stage of the solar cycle. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2010; 31 (4): 457-473

Bas, O., Odaci, E., Kaplan, S., Acer, N., Ucok, K., & Colakoglu, S. (2009). 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure affects qualitative and quantitative features of hippocampal pyramidal cells in the adult female rat. Brain Research, 1265, 178–185. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19230827 (Clegg)

Bastide M, Youbicier-Simo BJ, Lebecq JC, Giaimis J (2001) Toxicologic study of electromagnetic radiation emitted by television and video display screens and cellular telephones on chickens and mice. Indoor Built Environ 2001; 10: 291-298 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/24601

Bates MN (1991) Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and cancer: the epidemiologic evidence, Environ Health Perspect November; 95: 147–156.

Bawin, S.M., Kaczmarek, L.K., and Adey, W.R., 1975: Effects of modulated VHF fields on the central nervous system”. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 247:74-81. (buerg)

Bawin SM, Adey WR (1976) Sensitivity of calcium binding in cerebral tissue to weak environmental electric fields oscillating at low frequency, Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A. Jun; 73(6):1999-2003. (Pilette)

Bawin SM, Adey WR, Sabbot IM (1978a) Ionic factors in release of 45Ca2+ from chicken cerebral tissue by electromagnetic fields, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 75: 6314-6318. (buerg)

Bawin SM, Sheppard AR, Adey WR (1978b) Possible mechanisms of weak electromagnetic field coupling with brain tissue, Bioelectrochem Bioenerg, 45: 67-76. (buerg)

Bawin SM, Satmary WM, Jones RA, Adey WR, Zimmerman G (1996) Extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields disrupt rhythmic slow activity in rat hippocampal slices, Bioelectromagnetics 17(5): 388-395. (Pilette)

Baxter CF, Parsons JE, Oh CC, Wasterlain CG, Baldwin RA (1989) Changes of amino acid gradients in brain tissues induced by microwave irradiation and other means, Neurochem Res, Sep; 14(9):909-913. (Pilette)

Beale IL, Pearce NE, Conroy DM, Henning MA and Murrell KA, “Psychological Effects of Chronic Exposure to 50 Hz Magnetic Fields in Humans Living Near Extra-High-Voltage Transmission Lines”, Bioelectromagnetics 1997;18, 584-594. (revolt)

Beall, C., Delzell, E., Cole, P., and Brill, I., 1996: “Brain tumors among electronics industry workers”. Epidemiology, 7(2): 125-130 – U.S. Computer exposures, Computer Programmers (>10 yrs) OR = 2.8 (1.1-7.0) Trend p = 0.04; Engineering/Technical (>10 yrs) OR = 1.7 (1.0-3.0) Trend p = 0.07; Glioma, All subjects, 5yr programme OR = 3.9 (1.2-12.4) Trend p = 0.08. Is quoted by ICNIRP as failing to show significant increases in nervous system tumours. Actually it does show many significant increases of brain tumors, and it includes a significant dose-response relationship between years of exposure and rates of brain tumor for computer programmers. (buerg)

Beason R, Semm P, (2002) Responses of neurons to an amplitude modulated microwave stimulus, Neurosci Lett 2002 Nov 29;333(3):175-8 (pwt)

Becker RO 1977. Microwave radiation, N.Y. State. Journal of Medicine 77:217 – almost double cancer rate connected with high power lines. (Anselmo)

Beischer, D E, Miller, E F, Knepton Jr, J C (1967) Exposure of Man to Low Intensity Magnetic Fields in a Coil System. Naval Aerospace Medical Institue. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015095156843;view=1up;seq=7 (NMRI) “significant gradual decrease of the scotopic critical flicker fusion”

Belanger, K., Leaderer, B., Hellenbrand, K., Holford, T.R., McSharry, J-E., Power, M-E, and Bracken, M.B., 1998: “Spontaneous abortion and exposure to electric blankets and heated water beds”. Epidemiology, 9: 36-42 – conducted a prospective study (N= 2967) to evaluate the relation between spontaneous abortion and the use of electrically heated beds. Electric blanket use was associated with increased spontaneous abortion, OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1,08-3.13 for unadjusted data, and OR = 1.74, 95%CI: 0.96-3.15 for data adjusted for other risk factors such as alcohol, smoking, age and caffeine intake. (buerg)

Beliy, M.U. & Yakunov, A.V. (1989) Non-linear  spectroscopic properties of living systems in the microwave field, in works of VNK “OTKLIK.” In the program Physical principles of diagnostics and therapy with the help of EMF in the mm range, Kiev, 1989, pp. 70-71. (avaate table 4 nr. 17)

Bellieni, C. V., M. Acampa, M. Maffei, S. Maffei, S. Perrone, I. Pinto, N. Stacchini, and G. Buonocore. 2008. Electromagnetic fields produced by incubators influence heart rate variability in newborns. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 93 (4):F298-301. DOI: 10.1136/adc.2007.132738 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18450804 vi aqui: sec20_2012_Findings_in_Autism_Consistent_with_EMF_and_RFR.pdf “These observations suggest that newborns should be one case in which a policy of prudent avoidance of an EMF is warranted”

Belpomme, D., Campagnac, C., & Irigaray, P. (2015). Reliable disease biomarkers characterizing and identifying electrohypersensitivity and multiple chemical sensitivity as two etiopathogenic aspects of a unique pathological disorder. Reviews on Environmental Health, 30(4), 251–271. (Clegg)

Belyaev IY, Shcheglov VS, Alipov ED, Ushakov VD. 2000 Nonthermal Effects of Extremely High-Frequency Microwaves on Chromatin Conformation in Cells in vitro—Dependence on Physical, Physiological, and Genetic Factors. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech 48:2172- 2179.

Belyaev IY, Hillert L, Protopopova M, Tamm C, Malmgren LO, Persson BR, Selivanova G, Harms-Ringdahl M (2005) 915 MHz microwaves and 50 Hz magnetic field affect chromatin conformation and 53BP1 foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Bioelectromagnetics Apr; 26(3): 173-184 – Exposure at room temperature to either 915 MHz or 50 Hz resulted in significant condensation of chromatin. (Pilette)

Belyaev IY, Koch CB, Terenius O, Roxstrom-Lindquist K, Malmgren LO, H Sommer W, Salford LG, Persson BR (2006) Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation, Bioelectromagnetics May; 27(4): 295-306. (Pilette)

Belyaev IY, Markovà E, Hillert L, Malmgren LO, Persson BR. 2009a. Microwaves from UMTS/GSM mobile phones induce long-lasting inhibition of 53BP1/gamma-H2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes. Bioelectromagnetics 30(2): 129-141

Belyaev, I., Markova, E., & Malmgren, L. (2009b). Microwaves from Mobile Phones Inhibit 53BP1 Focus Formation in Human Stem Cells Stronger than in Differentiated Cells: Possible Mechanistic Link to Cancer Risk. Environmental Health Perspectives 118 (3): 394-399. (Clegg) https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/17858

Belyavskaya, N.A. 2001. Ultrastructure and calcium balance in meristem cells of pea roots exposed to extremely low magnetic fields. Adv. Space Res, 28: 645-650. doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00373-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11803967 vi aqui: onderzoek_bomen_planten.pdf “The intensity of cytochemical reaction in root cells after LMF application was strong”

Belyavskaya NA (2004) Biological effects due to weak magnetic field on plants, Adv Space Res; 34(7): 1566-1574. (Pilette)

Beneduci, A., Cosentino, K., Romeo, S., Massa, R., & Chidichimo, G. (2014). Effect of millimetre waves on phosphatidylcholine membrane models: a non-thermal mechanism of interaction. Soft Matter Aug 14;10(30):5559-67. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24959858

Benson, V.S., Pirie, K., Schüz, J., Reeves, G.K., Beral, V., and Green, J. (2013). Mobile phone use and risk of brain neoplasms and other cancers:  Prospective study. Int. J. Epidemiol.42, 792-802 vi aqui: https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/about_ntp/trpanel/2018/march/tr595peerdraft.pdf www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23657200 there was an increase in risk with long term use vs never use

Berg G, Spallek J, Schuz J, Schlehofer B, Bohler E, Schlaefer K, Hettinger I, Kunna-Grass K, Wahrendorf J, Blettner M (2006) Interphone Study Group, Germany; Occupational exposure to radiofrequency / microwave radiation and the risk of brain tumors: Interphone Study Group, Germany, Am J Epidemiol Sep 15; 164(6) 538-548. (Pilette)

BERG-BECKHOFF, G., BLETTNER, M., KOWALL, B. et al. (2009): Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 2 of a cross-sectional study with measured radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Occup Environ Med 66: 124-130. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19151228 no effect. Vi aqui: https://einarflydal.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/signifikanterruckgangemf.pdf  NOVO 170603

Berman, E., Carter, H.B., and House D., 1982: Reduce weight in mice offspring after in utero exposure to 2450 MHz (CW) microwaves”. Bioelectromagnetics, 3(2): 285-291 – They investigated the teratogenic potential of microwaves on Syrian hamsters, using 2.45 GHz at power densities of 30 mW/cm² for 100 minutes daily This caused a temperature rise of 0.8 ºC and significant fetal resporptions or death (p = 0.0012), decreased fetal body weight (p=0.0001) and decreased skeletal maturity. (buerg)

Berman E, Chacon L, House D, Koch BA, Koch WE, Leal J, Lovtrup S, Mantiply E, Martin AH, Martucci GI et al. (1990) Development of chicken embryos in a pulsed magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics 11(2): 169-187. (Pilette)

Bielski J (1994) Bioelectrical brain activity in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields, Ann NY Acad Sci Jun 6;724: 435-437. (Pilette)

Birenbaum, L. ; Department of Electrophysics, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Long Island Graduate Center, Farmingdale, N. Y. ; Grosof, Gerard M. ; Rosenthal, Saul W. ; Zaret, Milton M. (1969) Effect of Microwaves on the Eye, Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on  (Volume:BME-16, Issue: 1) http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4502597/ 

Bise W. 1978 Low power radio-frequency and microwave effects on human electroencephalogram and behavior. Physiol Chem Phys 10:387-398. vi aqui: List-of-170-EMF-Review-Studies-M.-Pall.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/751078 “temporary changes in brain waves and behavior were seen on exposure to power densities below typical urban levels”

Blaasaas KG, Tynes T, Irgens A, Lie RT, “Risk of birth defects by parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields: a population based study”, Occup Environ Med 2002; 59 (7): 92-97 – The study gives an indication of an association between selected disorders of the central nervous system and parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields.

Black, Bryan; Rafael Granja-Vazquez , Benjamin R. Johnston , Erick Jones, Mario Romero-Ortega (2016) Anthropogenic Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Elicit Neuropathic Pain in an Amputation Model. Plos One January 13, 2016

Blackman, C.F., Elder J.A., Weil, C.M., Benane S.G., Eichinger, D.C., and House, D.E., 1979: Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radiofrequency radiation: effects of modulation frequency and field strength”. Radio Science 14(6S):93-98. (buerg)

Blackman CF, Benane SG, Elder JA, House DE, Lampe JA, Faulk JM (1980) Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radiofrequency radiation : effect of sample number and modulation frequency on the power-density window, Bioelectromagnetics 1(1): 35-43. (Pilette)

Blackman CF, Benane SG, Kinney LS, House DE, Joines WT (1982), Effects of ELF fields on calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue in vitro. Radiation Research 92: 510-520 DOI: 10.2307/3575923 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3575923?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents 16-Hz sinusoidal fields in the absence of a carrier wave can alter the efflux rate of calcium ions

Blackman, C.F., Benane, S.G., Elliott, D.J., and Pollock, M.M., 1988: Influence of Electromagnetic Fields on the Efflux of Calcium Ions from Brain Tissue in Vitro: A Three-Model Analysis Consistent with the Frequency Response up to 510 Hz”. Bioelectromagnetics, 9:215-227. (buerg)

Blackman, C.F., 1990: “ELF effects on calcium homeostasis”. In “Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields: The question of cancer”, BW Wilson, RG Stevens, LE Anderson Eds, Publ. Battelle Press Columbus: 1990; 187-208 – “Taken together, the evidence overwhelmingly indicates that electric and magnetic fields can alter normal calcium ion homeostasis and lead to changes in the response of biological systems to their environment”. (buerg)

Blackman, C. (2009). Cell phone radiation: Evidence from ELF and RF studies supporting more inclusive risk identification and assessment. Pathophysiology: The Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology / ISP, 16(2–3), 205–216. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264460

Blank, M., & Goodman, R. (2009). Electromagnetic fields stress living cells. Pathophysiology: The Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology / ISP, 16(2–3), 71–78 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19268550

Blank, M., & Goodman, R. (2011). DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields. International  Journal of Radiation Biology, 87(4), 409–415 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21457072

Bonhomme-Faivre L et al. 1998. Alterations of biological parameters in mice chronically exposed to low-frequency (50 Hz) electromagnetic fields. Life Sciences 62(14):1271-1280. (Anselmo)

Borbely AA, Huber R, Graf T, Fuchs B, Gallmann E, Achermann P (1999) Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields affects human sleep and sleep electroencephalogram, Neurosci Lett Nov; 275(3): 207-210. (Pilette)

Bortkiewicz, A., Zmyslony, M., Palczynski, C., Gadzicka, E. and Szmigielski, S., 1995: “Dysregulation of autonomic control of cardiac function in workers at AM broadcasting stations (0.738-1.503 MHz)”. Electro- and Magnetobiology 14(3): 177-191 – found that RF exposure altered heart rate variability and blood pressure. (buerg)

Bortkiewicz, A., Gadzicka, E. and Zmyslony, M., 1996: “Heart rate in workers exposed to medium-frequency electromagnetic fields”. J Auto Nerv Sys 59: 91-97 – found that RF exposure altered heart rate variability and blood pressure. (buerg)

Bortkiewicz A, Zmyslony M, Gadzicka E, Palczynski C, Szmigielski S (1997) Ambulatory ECG monitoring in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields, J Med Eng and Tech 21(2):41-46 – found that RF exposure altered heart rate variability and blood pressure. (buerg)

Bortkiewicz A (2001) [A study on the biological effects of exposure mobile-phone frequency EMF] [Article in Polish] Med Pr 52(2):101-106. (Pilette)

Bortkiewicz A, Zmyslony M, Szyjkowska A, Gadzicka E (2004) [Subjective symptoms reported by people living in the vicinity of cellular phone base stations: review] [Article in Polish] Med Pr 55 (4): 345-351. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15620045 Residents close to mobile phone masts reported: more incidences of circulatory problems, sleep disturbances, irritability, depression, blurred vision and concentration difficulties the nearer they lived to the mast. The performed studies showed the relationship between the incidence of individual symptoms, the level of exposure, and the distance between a residential area and a base station (Pilette)

Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Zmyslony M, Szymczak W (2006) Neurovegetative disturbances in workers exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields, Int J Occup Med Environ Health 19(1): 53–60 – It was concluded that occupational exposure to 50 Hz electromagentic fields could influence the neurovegetative regulation of the cardiovascular system.

Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Szymczak W (2017) Mobile phone use and risk for intracranial tumors and salivary gland tumors – A meta-analysis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. Feb 21;30(1):27-43. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00802. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28220905 A significantly higher risk of an intracranial tumor (all types) was noted for the period of mobile phone use over 10 years (odds ratio (OR) = 1.324, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.028-1.704), and for the ipsilateral location (OR = 1.249, 95% CI: 1.022-1.526)

Boscol et al. Sci Total Environ 273(1-3):1-10, 2001 – RFR from radio transmission stations (0.005 mW/cm2) affects immune system in women. (Lai)

Braune, S., Wrocklage, C., Raczek, J., Gailus, T. and Lucking C.H., 1998: “Resting blood pressure increase during exposure to a radio-frequency electromagnetic field”. The Lancet, 351, June 20, 1988, 1857-1858 – showed that cell phone significantly increased blood pressure. (buerg)

Brown-Woodman, P.D., Hadley, J.A., Richardson, L., Bright, D., and Porter, D., 1989: “Evaluation of reproductive function of female rats exposed to radiofrequency fields (27.12 MHz) near a shortwave diathermy device”. Health Physics, 56(4): 521-525 – exposed a set of rats to a repeated exposure to 27.12 MHz EM fields for 5 weeks. A reduction in fertility occurred as indicated by a reduced number of matings in exposed rats compared to sham-exposed rats, and a reduced number of conceptions after exposure. (buerg)

Brueve, R., Feldmane, G., Heisele, O., Volrate, A. and Balodis, V., 1998: “Several immune system functions of the residents from territories exposed to pulse radio-frequency radiation”. Presented to the Annual Conference of the ISEE and ISEA, Boston Massachusetts July 1998 – Chronic, 25 year, exposure to an extremely low intensity (<0.1 µW/cm²) 156-162 MHz, 24.4 Hz pulse frequency, radar signal in Latvia produced significant alterations in the immune system factors of exposed villagers. (buerg)

Brumelis, G., Balodis, V., & Balode, Z. (1996). Radio-frequency electromagnetic fields. The Skrunda Radio Location Station case. Science of The Total Environment, 180(1), 49-50. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04913-4. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V78-3VWF8W2-6&_user=950207&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000049138&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=950207&md5=c0656d8c7073fdceaa8b9a17f3f7edf3 Comment: Radar exposure between 0.0027 – 0.065 µW/cm² = 27 – 650 µW/m² caused changes in growth in trees. (emfr)

Buchner, K, and H Eger. 2011. Changes of Clinically Important Neurotransmitters under the Influence of Modulated RF Fields—A Long-term Study under Real-life Conditions (translated; original study in German). Umwelt-Medizin-Gesellschaft 24 (1):44-57. https://ecfsapi.fcc.gov/file/7520941673.pdf vi aqui: sec20_2012_Findings_in_Autism_Consistent_with_EMF_and_RFR.pdf 
“The effects showed a dose-response relationship and occurred well below current limits for technical RF radiation exposures.”

Bundyuk, L.S., Kuz’menko, A.P., Ryabchenko, N.N. & Litvinov, G.S. (1994) Corrective action of millimeter waves on systems of various levels of  hierarchy. Physics  of  the  Alive 2(1):12-25, 1994. (avaate table 4 nrs. 26,27,28)

Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S., Pittrat, C.A., Keefe, T.J. and Yost, M.G., 1997: “Cellular telephone use and excretion of a urinary melatonin metabolite”. In: Annual review of Research in Biological Effects of electric and magnetic fields from the generation, delivery and use of electricity, San Diego, CA, Nov. 9-13, P-52. (buerg)

Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S., Yost, M.G., Keefe, T.J. and Pittrat, C.A., 1998: “Nocturnal excretion of urinary melatonin metabolite among utility workers”. Scand J Work Environ Health 24(3): 183-189. (buerg)

Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S. and Yost, M.G., 1999a: “Geomagnetic disturbances are associated with reduced nocturnal excretion of melatonin metabolite in humans”. Neurosci Lett 266(3):209-212. (buerg)

Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S., Yost, M.G., Keefe, T.J. and Pittrat, C.A., 1999b: “Reduced excretion of a melatonin metabolite among workers exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields” Am J Epidemiology 150(1): 27-36. (buerg)

Burch, J.B., Reif, J.S., Noonan, C.W. and Yost, M.G., 2000: “Melatonin metabolite levels in workers exposed to 60-Hz magnetic fields: work in substations and with 3-phase conductors”. J Occup Env Med, 42(2): 136-142. (buerg)

Burch J et al, (2002) Melatonin metabolite excretion among cellular telephone users, J Sleep Res 2002 Dec;11(4):289-95 (pwt)

Burchard JF, Nguyen DH, Richard L, Young SN, Heyes MP, Block E (1998) Effects of electromagnetic fields on the levels of biogenic amine metabolites, quinolinic acid, and beta-endorphin in the cerebrospinal fluid of dairy cows, Neurochem Res Dec; 23(12): 1527-1531. (Pilette)

Burlaka, A., Tsybulin, O., Sidorik, E., Lukin, S., Polishuk, V., Tsehmistrenko, S., & Yakymenko, I. (2013). Overproduction of free radical species in embryonal cells exposed to low intensity radiofrequency radiation. Experimental Oncology, 35(3), 219–225. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24084462

Byun, Y.-H., Ha, M., Kwon, H.-J., Hong, Y.-C., Leem, J.-H., Sakong, J., … Kim, N. (2013). Mobile phone use, blood lead levels, and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in children: a longitudinal study. PloS One, 8(3), e59742. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0059742

Byus, C.V., 1994: “Alterations in Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity: a cellular response to Low-Energy Electromagnetic Field Exposure”. Updated Sept 1994 from Summary and Results of the April 26-27, 1993 Radiofrequency Radiation Conference. (buerg)

Byus C.V. et al. (1988) Increased orthinine decarboxylase activity in cultured cells exposed to low energy modulated microwave fields and phorbol ester tumour promoters. Cancer Res. 1988; 48: 4222-26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3390816 The increased activity of ODC persisted for several hours following the 1-h exposure to the field (STOA)

C

(início)

Cabré-Riera A, Torrent M, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Vrijheid M, Cardis E, Guxens M. (2018) Telecommunication devices use, screen time and sleep in adolescents. Environ Res. 2018 Nov 1;171:341-347. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.036. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30716511 One or more cordless phone calls/week was associated with a lower sleep quality (Mosko)

Calabrò, Emanuele; Salvatore Condello, Monica Currò, Nadia Ferlazzo, Daniela Caccamo, Salvatore Magazù, and Riccardo Ientile (2012) Modulation of heat shock protein response in SH-SY5Y by mobile phone microwaves. World J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 26; 3(2): 34–40. (Clegg) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286792

CALIFORNIA HEALTH DEPARTMENT REPORT ON ELECTRIC AND MAGNET FIELDS FROM POWER LINES, APRIL 2001 – this report highlights the added risk of miscarriage, childhood Leukaemia, brain cancer and a greater incidence of suicide as some of the health risks associated with exposure to electric and magnetic fields such as from power lines. The new information concerning miscarriage is particularly disturbing. Women exposed to magnetic fields of 16 mG (1.6 uT) or more while pregnant are up to six times more likely to have a miscarriage. (revolt)

Calvente, I., Perez-Lobato, R., Nunez, M.-I., Ramos, R., Guxens, M., Villalba, J., … Fernandez, M. F. (2016). Does exposure to environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields cause cognitive and behavioral effects in 10-year-old boys? Bioelectromagnetics, 37(1), 25–36. (Clegg) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26769168

Calzoni GL, Borghini F, Del Giudice E, Betti L, Dal Rio F, Migliori M, Trebbi G, Speranza A (2003) Weak extremely high frequency microwaves affect pollen-tube emergence and growth in kiwifruit : pollen grain irradiation and water-mediated effects, J Altern Complement Med Apr; 9(2): 217-228. (Pilette)

Çam, S. T., & Seyhan, N. (2012). Single-strand DNA breaks in human hair root cells exposed to mobile phone radiation. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 88(5), 420–424. (Clegg) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22348707

Cammaerts, M.-C., Rachidi, Z., Bellens, F., & De Doncker, P. (2013). Food collection and response to pheromones in an ant species exposed to electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 32(3), 315–332. (Clegg) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23320633

Cammaerts, M.-C., De Doncker, P., Patris, X., Bellens, F., Rachidi, Z., & Cammaerts, D. (2012). GSM 900 MHz radiation inhibits ants’ association between food sites and encountered cues. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 31(2), 151–165. The impact of GSM 900 MHz radiation was greater on the visual memory than on the olfactory one (Clegg)

Cammaerts, M.-C., & Johansson, O. (2014). Ants can be used as bio-indicators to reveal biological effects of electromagnetic waves from some wireless apparatus. Electromagn Biol Med. 2014 Dec;33(4):282-8. doi: 10.3109/15368378.2013.817336 (Clegg) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23977878 ants linear speed statistically decreased, and these insects’ angular speed statistically increased (Clegg)

Campbell-Beachler, M., Ishida-Jones, T., Haggren, W. and Phillips, J.L., 1998: “Effect of 60 Hz magnetic field exposure on c-fos expression in stimulated PC12 cells”. Mol Cell Biochem 189(1-2): 107-111. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9879660 MF exposure increased c-fos expression only in cultures which were not yet exhibiting maximal c-fos expression (buerg)

Campisi, A., Gulino, M., Acquaviva, R., Bellia, P., Raciti, G., Grasso, R., Musumeci, F., Vanella, A. and Triglia, A (2010) Reactive Oxygen Species Levels and DNA Fragmentation on Astrocytes in Primary Culture After Acute Exposure to Low Intensity Microwave Electromagnetic Field. Neurosci. Lett. 2010; 473: 5255. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.02.018 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20156525 Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that even acute exposure to low intensity EMF induces ROS production and DNA fragmentation in astrocytes in primary cultures

Cantor, K.P., Stewart, P.A., Brinton, L.A., and Dosemeci, M., 1995: Occupational exposures and female breast cancer mortality in the United States”. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 37(3): 336-348 – Increased risk of female breast cancer with exposure to radiofrequency EMF, RR=1.15 (1.1-1.2). (buerg)

Cao YN, Zhang Y, Liu Y. (2006) Effects of exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on reproduction of female mice and development of offsprings. [Article in Chinese]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2006 Aug;24(8):468-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16978513   NOVO 170529

Cao, H., Qin, F., Liu, X., Wang, J., Cao, Y., Tong, J., & Zhao, H. (2015). Circadian Rhythmicity of Antioxidant Markers in Rats Exposed to 1.8 GHz Radiofrequency Fields. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(2), 2071–2087.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4344711/

Capri M, Scarcella E, Fumelli C, Bianchi E, Salvioli S , Mesirca P,  Agostini C, Antolini A, Schiavoni A, Castellani G, Bersani F, Franceschi C (2004) In vitro exposure of human lymphocytes to 900 MHz CW and GSM modulated radiofrequency: studies of proliferation, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential, Radiat Res Aug;162(2): 211-218. (Pilette)

Capri M, Salvioli S, Altilia S, Sevini F, Remondini D, Mesirca P, Bersani F, Monti D, Franceschi C,  “Age-dependent effects of in vitro radiofrequency exposure (mobile phone) on CD95+ T helper human lymphocytes”, Ann. N Y Acad Sci 2006 May; 1067:493-499. (Pilette)

Caraglia M, Marra M, Mancinelli F, D’ambrosio G, Massa R, Giordano A, Budillon A, Abbruzzese A, Bismuto  E (2005) Electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency induce apoptosis and inactivation of the multi-chaperone complex in human epidermoid cancer cells, J Cell Physiol Aug; 204(2):539-548. (Pilette)

Carballo-Quintas, M., Martinez-Silva, I., Cadarso-Suarez, C., Alvarez-Figueiras, M., Ares-Pena, F. J., & Lopez-Martin, E. (2011). A study of neurotoxic biomarkers, c-fos and GFAP after acute exposure to GSM radiation at 900 MHz in the picrotoxin model of rat brains. Neurotoxicology, 32(4), 478– 494. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21524663

Carlberg, M., & Hardell, L. (2012). On the association between glioma, wireless phones, heredity and ionising radiation. Pathophysiology: The Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology / ISP, 19(4), 243–252. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22939605

Carpenter, D. O. (2013) Human disease resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields, Rev Environ Health. 2013;28(4):159-72. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2013-0016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24280284 This review summarizes the evidence stating that excessive exposure to magnetic fields from power lines and other sources of electric current increases the risk of development of some cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, and that excessive exposure to RF radiation increases risk of cancer, male infertility, and neurobehavioral abnormalities

Carpenter, D. O. (2015). The microwave syndrome or electro-hypersensitivity: historical background. Reviews on Environmental Health, 30(4), 217–222. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26556835 There is increasing evidence that the “microwave syndrome” or “electro-hypersensitivity” (EHS) is a real disease that is caused by exposure to EMFs

Castello PR, Hill I, Sivo F, Portelli L, Barnes F, Usselman R, Martino CF (2014) Inhibition of cellular proliferation and enhancement of hydrogen peroxide production in fibrosarcoma cell line by weak radio frequency magnetic fields Bioelectromagnetics. 2014;35:598–602. pmid:25251337 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bem.21858 magnetic fieldinduced biological effect that shows elevated H2O2 levels with accompanying decrease in cellular growth rates

Cecconi S 2000. Evaluation of the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic on mammalian follicle development. Human Reproduction 15(1):2319-2325. (Anselmo)

Céspedes, O., Inomoto, O., Kai, S., Nibu, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Sakamoto, N., … Ueno, S. (2010). Radio frequency magnetic field effects on molecular dynamics and iron uptake in cage proteins. Bioelectromagnetics, 31(4), 311–317. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20082334

Çetin, H., Naz1rolu, M., Celik, O., Yüksel, M., Pastac1, N., & Ozkaya, M. O. (2014). Liver antioxidant stores protect the brain from electromagnetic radiation (900 and 1800 MHz)-induced oxidative stress in rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring. Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. doi:10.3109/14767058.2014.898056 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24580725

Ceyhan, A. M., Akkaya, V. B., Güleçol, ^. C., Ceyhan, B. M., Özgüner, F., & Chen, W. (2012). Protective effects of β-glucan against oxidative injury induced by 2.45-GHz electromagnetic radiation in the skin tissue of rats. Archives of Dermatological Research, 304(7), 521–527. doi:10.1007/s00403012-1205-9 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237725

Charles LE, Loomis D et al, “Electomagnetic fields, polychlorinated biphenyls, and prostrate cancer mortality in electric utility workers”, Am J Epidemiol 2003 Apr 15;157(8):683-91 – in men, EMR exposure reduced the level of testosterone – a hormone drop that has been linked to testicular and prostate cancers. (Nexus 14(5))

Chazan, B., Janiak, M., Szmigielski, S., and Troszynski, M., 1983: Development of murine embryos and fetuses after irradiation with 2450 MHz microwaves”. Problemy Medycyny Wieku Rozwojowego,12:164-173 – investigated the development of murine embryos and fetuses after irradiation with 2450 MHz microwaves at 40 mW/cm². They found indications of retardation of development in the early period of gestation in mice exposed to thermal MW fields. During the second half of pregnancy an increase in the number of resorptions, stillbirths and internal hemorrhages was noted. The living fetuses had lowered body mass compared to the offsprings of sham-irradiated mice. (buerg)

Chen et al (2008) [Effects of millimeter wave on gene expression in human keratinocytes]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 37(1):23-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18275115 PAR-2 and ERGIC-53 genes in HaCaT cells were up-regulated by 3.5 mW/cm2 millimeter wave exposure for 4 times. ERGIC-53 gene was also up-regulated by 1.0 mW/cm2 millimeter wave exposure for 4 times (eht)

Cherkasov, I. S., Nezdvetskiy, V.A. & Gilenko, A.V. (1978) Biomedical Effects of millimeter radio waves. Oftal’mologicheskiy zhurnal 3:187-190, 1978. (avaate table 4 nr. 23)

Chiang et al. J. Bioelectricity 8:127-131, 1989 – people who lived and worked near radio antennae and radar installations showed deficits in psychological and short-term memory tests. (Lai)

Choi YM et al. 2003. Extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure modulates the diurnal rhythm of the pain threshold in mice. Bioelectromagnetics 24(3): 206-210. (Anselmo)

Chou, C-K., Guy, A.W., Kunz, L.L., Johnson, R.B., Crowley, J.J. and Krupp, JH., 1992: “Long-term, low-level microwave irradiation of rats”. Bioelectromagnetics 13: 469-496 – chronically exposed rats to a non-thermal radar-like signal, observed a significant increase in benign tumors and highly significant increase in primary malignant tumors, RR=3.6, 95%CI: 1.34-9.7, p=0.0036. (buerg)

Ciano M, Burlin JR, Pardoe R, Mills RL, Hentz VR. (1981) High-frequency electromagnetic radiation injury to the upper extremity: local and systemic effects. Ann Plast Surg. 1981 Aug;7(2):128-35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7294659

Çiftçi ZZ, K1rz1olu Z, Naz1rolu M, Özmen Ö (2015) Effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure of Wi-Fi on development of teeth and changes in teeth element concentration in rats. [corrected]. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015 Feb;163(1-2):193-201. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25395122

Cleary SF, Du Z, Cao G, Liu LM, Mccrady C (1996) Effect of isothermal radiofrequency radiation on cytolytic T lymphocytes, FASEB J  Jun;10(8): 913-919. doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.10.8.8666169 http://www.fasebj.org/content/10/8/913.abstract 2450 MHz exposure increased CTLL-2 proliferation immediately after exposure (Pilette)

Coleman MP, Bell CMJ & Skeet R 1983. Leukemia incidence in electrical workers. Lanceti:246. (Anselmo)

Consales C, Merla C, Marino C, Benassi B (2012) Electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Int J Cell Biol. 2012;2012:683897. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijcb/2012/683897/  (Pall) – no effect

Coogan PF, Clapp RW, Newcomb PA, Wenzl TB, Greg Bogdan G, Mittendorf,R, Baron JA, Longnecker MP. “Occupational Exposure to 60-Hertz Magnetic Fields and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women”. Epidemiology 1996 Sep; 7(5):459-64 (Nexus 14(5))

Cook MR, Graham C, Cohen HD & Gerkovish MM (1992) A replication study of human exposure to 60-Hz fields: Effect on neurobehavioral measures, Bioelectromag 13:261. (Anselmo)

Cook CM, Thomas AW,  Prato FS (2002) Human electrophysiological and cognitive effects of exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF modulated RF and microwave fields: a review of recent studies, Bioelectromagnetics Feb; 23(2):144-157. (Pilette)

Cook CM, Saucier DM, Thomas AW,  Prato FS (2006) Exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF-modulated radiofrequency fields: The time course of physiological and cognitive effects observed in recent studies (2001-2005), Bioelectromagnetics Dec;27(8):613-627. (Pilette)

Cook LL, Persinger MA, Koren SA (2000) Differential effects of low frequency, low intensity (<6mG) nocturnal magnetic fields upon infiltration of mononuclear cells and numbers of mast cells in Lewis rat brains, Toxicol Lett Dec 20; 118(1-2): 9-19. (Pilette)

Cossarizza A, Angioni S, Petraglia F, Genazzani AR, Monti D, Capri M, Bersani F, Cadossi R and Franceschi C, 1993: “Exposure to low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increases interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells”. Exp Cell Res 204(2):385-387 – showed that ELF fields increased both the spontaneous and PHA and TPA- induced production of interleukin-1 and IL-6 in human peripheral blood. (buerg)

Coureau, G., Bouvier, G., Lebailly, P., Fabbro-Peray, P., Gruber, A., Leffondre, K., … Baldi, I. (2014). Mobile phone use and brain tumours in the CERENAT case-control study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 71(7), 514–522. doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101754 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24816517

Crespi, Catherine M.; JohnSwanson, Ximena P.Vergara, LeekaKheifets. (2019) Childhood leukemia risk in the California Power Line Study: magnetic fields versus distance from power lines. Environmental Research.January 11, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.022 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935119300258 elevated risk was confined to the group that was both very close to high voltage lines (<50 m) and had high calculated fields (≥0.4 μT) (Mosko)

Croft RJ,  Chandler JS, Burgess AP, Barry RJ, Williams JD, Clarke AR (2002) Acute mobile phone operation affects neural function in humans, Clin Neurophysiol Oct; 113(10):1623-1632. (Pilette)

Crouzier, D., Perrin, A., Torres, G., Dabouis, V., & Debouzy, J.-C. (2009). Pulsed electromagnetic field at 9.71 GHz increase free radical production in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). PathologieBiologie, 57(3), 245–251. doi:10.1016/j.patbio.2007.12.003 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18321660

Cucurachi, S. et al. (2013), A review of the ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). Environment International, 51, 116–140. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412012002334 vi aqui: dr-jamieson—revised-presentation.pdf
“RF-EMF had a significant effect on birds, insects, other vertebrates, other organisms and plants in 70% of the studies.”

Curcio G, Ferrara M, Moroni F, D’inzeo G, Bertini M, De Gennaro L (2005) Is the brain influenced by a phone call? An EEG study of resting wakefulness, Neurosci Res Nov;53(3): 265-270. (Pilette)

Czerninski, Rakefet; Zini, Avi; Sgan-Cohen, Harold D. (2011) Risk of Parotid Malignant Tumors in Israel (1970–2006) Epidemiology: January 2011; 22(1): 130-131  [article]

Czyz J, Nikolova T, Schuderer J, Kuster N, Wobus AM (2004a) Non-thermal effects of power-line magnetic fields (50 Hz) on gene expression levels of pluripotent embryonic stem cells-the role of tumour suppressor p53, Mutat Res Jan 10; 557(1): 63-74. (Pilette)

Czyz J, Guan K, Zeng Q, Nikolova T, Meister A, Schonborn F, Schuderer J, Kuster N, Wobus AM (2004b) High frequency electromagnetic fields (GSM signals) affect gene expression levels in tumor suppressor p53-deficient embryonic stem cells, Bioelectromagnetics May; 25(4):296-307. (Pilette)

 
D

(início)

D’Ambrosio G et al (1995) Genotoxic effects of amplitude-modulated microwaves on human lymphocytes exposed in vitro under controlled conditions Electro Magnetobiol 14:157-164 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15368379509030726?journalCode=iebm19 A significant (p < 0.05) increase in micronuclei was found following AM microwave exposure (pwt-radar)

D’ambrosio G, Massa R, Scarfi MR, Zeni O (2002) Cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes following GMSK phase modulated microwave exposure, Bioelectromagnetics Jan; 23(1): 7-13. doi.org/10.1002/bem.93 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11793401 a statistically significant micronucleus effect was found following exposure to phase modulated field (Pilette)

Dahmen, N., Ghezel-Ahmadi, D., & Engel, A. (2009). Blood laboratory findings in patients suffering from self-perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS). Bioelectromagnetics, 30(4), 299–306. doi:10.1002/bem.20486 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19259984

Dämvik, M., & Johansson, O. (2010). Health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields: a conflict between the precautionary principle and environmental medicine methodology. Reviews on Environmental Health, 25(4), 325–333. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21268445

Daniells C, Duce I, Thomas D, Sewell P, Tattersall J, De Pomerai D (1998) Transgenic nematodes as biomonitors of microwave-induced stress, Mutat Res Mar; 399(1): 55-64. (Pilette)

Daniels, W. M. U., Pitout, I. L., Afullo, T. J. O., & Mabandla, M. V. (2009). The effect of electromagnetic radiation in the mobile phone range on the behaviour of the rat. Metabolic Brain Disease, 24(4), 629–641. doi:10.1007/s11011-009-9164-3 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19823925

Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Ulukaya, E., Uzunlar, A. K., & Ocak, A. R. (2009). Effect of mobile phone exposure on apoptotic glial cells and status of oxidative stress in rat brain. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 28(4), 342–354. doi:10.3109/15368370903206556 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20017625

Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Kizil, G., Kizil, M., Cakir, D. U., & Yokus, B. (2012). Effect of 900 MHz radio frequency radiation on beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the brain. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 31(1), 67–74. doi:10.3109/15368378.2011.624654 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22268730

Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Erdal, M. E., Erdal, N., Ay, O. I., Ay, M. E., … Yegin, K. (2015a). Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on microRNA expression in brain tissue. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 91(7), 555–561. doi:10.3109/09553002.2015.1028599 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25775055

Dasdag, S., Akdag, M. Z., Erdal, M. E., Erdal, N., Ay, O. I., Ay, M. E., … Yegin, K. (2015b). Long term and excessive use of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation alter microRNA expression in brain. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 1–6. doi:10.3109/09553002.2015.997896 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25529971

Dasdag, S., Ta_, M., Akdag, M. Z., & Yegin, K. (2015c). Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 34(1), 37–42. doi:10.3109/15368378.2013.869752 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24460421

Davanipour Z1, Sobel E. (2009) Long-term exposure to magnetic fields and the risks of Alzheimer’s disease and breast cancer: Further biological research. Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):149-56. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.01.005. Epub 2009 Mar 10. vi aqui: dr-jamieson—revised-presentation.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19278839
“There is strong epidemiologic evidence that long-term exposure to ELF MF is a risk factor for AD”

Davis RL, Mostofi FK (1993) Cluster of testicular cancer in police officers exposed to hand-held radar. Am J Ind Med 24:231-233, 1993. doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700240209 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8213849 in a selected group of men working as police officers, an association is noted between testicular cancer and a consistent exposure to an otherwise rare exposure, radar

D’costa H., Trueman G, Tang L, Abdel-Rahman U, Abdel-Rahman W, Ong K, Cosic I (2003) Human brain wave activity during exposure to radiofrequency field emissions from mobile phones, Australas Phys Eng Sci Med Dec; 26(4): 162-167. (Pilette)

De Guire, L., Theriault, G., Iturra, H., Provencher, S., Cyr, D., and Case, B.W., 1988: “Increased incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin in workers in a telecommunications industry”. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol 45, pp 824-828 – report increased malignant melanoma of the skin in workers in a telecommunication industry, affecting only men, SIR = 2.7 CI : 1.31-5.02). (buerg)

De Iuliis GN1, Newey RJ, King BV, Aitken RJ (2009) Mobile phone radiation induces reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro. PLoS One. 2009 Jul 31;4(7):e6446. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006446. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19649291 RF-EMR in both the power density and frequency range of mobile phones enhances mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation by human spermatozoa, decreasing the motility and vitality of these cells while stimulating DNA base adduct formation and, ultimately DNA fragmentation

de Lorge J, Ezell CS (1980) Observing-responses of rats exposed to 1.28- and 5.62-GHz microwaves. Bioelectromagnetics 1(2): 183-198 doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250010208 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7284023 Disruption of behavior (i.e., the rats could not perform very well) was observed within 30–60 min of exposure at a SAR of 3.75 W/kg for 1280 MHz, and 4.9 W/kg for 5620 MH (Levitt) THERMAL EFFECT

De Luca, C., Thai, J. C. S., Raskovic, D., Cesareo, E., Caccamo, D., Trukhanov, A., & Korkina, L. (2014). Metabolic and genetic screening of electromagnetic hypersensitive subjects as a feasible tool for diagnostics and intervention. Mediators of Inflammation, 2014, 924184. doi:10.1155/2014/924184 (Clegg) https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2014/924184/

de Pomerai et al. (2000) Nature 405:417-418. Enzyme Microbial Tech 30:73-79, 2002 – reported an increase in a molecular stress response in cells after exposure to a RFR at a SAR of 0.001 W/kg. This stress response is a basic biological process that is present in almost all animals – including humans. (Lai)

de Pomerai et al. (FEBS Lett  22;543(1-3):93-97, 2003 – RFR damages proteins at 0.015-0.020 W/kg. (Lai)

de Seze, R., Fabbro-Peray, P. and Miro, L., 1998: “GSM radiocellular telephones do not disturb the secretion of antipituitary hormones in humans”. Bioelectromagnetics 19(5): 271-278 – showed that cell phone use significantly reduces the pituitary output of Thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)). TSH is a primary regulator of metabolic function. (buerg)

Deadman JE, Camus M, Armstrong B, Héroux P, Cyr D, Plante M, Thériault G. (1988) Assessment of occupational and residential exposures to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields and high frequency electric transients, using a new dosimeter. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1988;49(8): 409-419. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3177219

Deapen, D.M. and Henderson, B.E., 1986: “A case-control study of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis”. Am. J. Epidemiol 123(5): 790-799 – Occupations at risk of electrical exposure were reported more often by patients (odds ratio (OR)=3.8, 95% confidence interval (Cl)=1.4–13.0). (buerg)

Delgado JM, Leal J, Monteagudo JL, Gracia MG (1982) Embryological changes induced by weak, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, J Anat May; 134 (Pt 3): 533-551. (Pilette)

Demers, P.A., Thomas, D.B., Rosenblatt, K.A., Jimenez, L.M., McTiernan, A., et al.; Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Breast Cancer in Men. Am. J. of Epidemiology Vol 134, No. 4, PP. 340-347, 1991  –  J. Male breast cancer (a very rare tumor), among 227 cases gleaned from the National Cancer Institute, occurred in electricians, telephone linemen and electric power workers six times more often than in a control group. (Guru)

Derias EM, Stefanis P, Drakeley A, Gazvani R, Lewis-Jones DI (2006) Growing concern over the safety of using mobile phones and male fertility, Arch Androl Jan-Feb; 52(1): 9-14. (Pilette)     

Desai, N. R., Kesari, K. K., & Agarwal, A. (2009). Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 7, 114. doi:10.1186/1477-7827-7-114 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19849853 

Deshmukh, Pravin Suryakantrao; Kanu Megha, Basu Dev Banerjee, Rafat Sultana Ahmed, Sudhir Chandna, Mahesh Pandurang Abegaonkar, and Ashok Kumar Tripathi (2013) Detection of Low Level Microwave Radiation Induced Deoxyribonucleic Acid Damage Vis-à-vis Genotoxicity in Brain of Fischer Rats. Toxicol Int. 2013 Jan-Apr; 20(1): 19–24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3702122/   180130

Deshmukh, P. S., Nasare, N., Megha, K., Banerjee, B. D., Ahmed, R. S., Singh, D., … Mediratta, P. K. (2015). Cognitive impairment and neurogenotoxic effects in rats exposed to low-intensity microwave radiation. International Journal of Toxicology, 34(3), 284–290. doi:10.1177/1091581815574348 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25749756

Devyatkov, N.D., Betskiy, O.V., et al. (1981) Influence of electro-magnetic  oscillations  in  the  mm  wavelength  range on biological systems. Radiobiologiya, 1981, Vol. 21,Part 2, pp. 163-171. (avaate table 4 nr. 14)  

D’Inzeo et al. Bioelectromagnetics 9(4):363-372, 1988 – very low intensity RFR  (0.002 – 0.004 mW/cm2) affects the operation of acetylcholine-related ion-channels in cells. These channels play important roles in physiological and behavioral functions. (Lai)

Di Carlo A, White N, Guo F, Garrett P, Litovitz T (2002) Chronic electromagnetic field exposure decreases HSP70 levels and lowers cytoprotection, J Cell Biochem 84 (3): 447-454. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.10036.abs https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11813250 although short, single exposures to EMFs can be protective during hypoxia, continuous or repeated, daily exposures can lead to de-protection. (Pilette)

Di Ciaula (2018) Towards 5G communication systems: Are there health implications?, Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2018 Feb 2. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.01.011 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29402696 “Preliminary observations showed that millimeter waves (MMW) increase skin temperature, alter gene expression, promote cellular proliferation and synthesis of proteins linked with oxidative stress, inflammatory and metabolic processes, could generate ocular damages, affect neuro-muscular dynamics.” (eht)

Diem E, Schwarz C, Adlkofer F, Jahn O, Rudiger H (2005) Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro, Mutat Res Jun. 6;583(2): 178-183. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15869902 intermittent 5 min on/10 min off or continuous wave induced DNA single- and double-strand breaks (Pilette)

Dieudonné, M. (2016). Does electromagnetic hypersensitivity originate from nocebo responses? Indications from a qualitative study: IEI-EMF and the Nocebo Response. Bioelectromagnetics, 37(1), 14–24. doi:10.1002/bem.21937 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26369906 (Clegg) “[results] not consistent with the hypothesis that IEI-EMF originates from nocebo responses to perceived EMF exposure”

Dindic, Boris; Sokolovi, Dušan; Krsti, Dejan; Petkovi, Dejan; Jovanovi, Jovica; Muratovi, Marjan (2010) Biochemical And Histopathological Effects Of Mobile Phone Exposure On Rat Hepatocytes And Brain. Acta Medica Medianae . Mar2010, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p37-42. 6p. 2 significant increase in lipid peroxidation as a direct indicator of the hepatocytes and brain cells’ injury under a long-term (90 days) mobile phone microwave exposure

Ding XP et al 2004 – A cross-sectional study on nonionizing radiation to male fertility. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 25(1):40-3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15061945 People working on radar who suffered from non-ionization for long time and had bad radar shield protection would show semi-clinical injury on sperm and bad semen quality (pwt-radar)

Divan, H. A., Kheifets, L., Obel, C., & Olsen, J. (2012). Cell phone use and behavioural problems in young children. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 66(6), 524–529. doi:10.1136/jech.2010.115402 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21138897 The highest OR for behavioural problems were for children who had both prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phones

Djordjevic, Z., Kolak, A., Stojkovic, M., Rankovic, N. and Ristic, P., 1979: “A study of the health status of radar workers”. Aviat. space environ. Med., Vol 50, pp 396-398 – More neurasthenic symptoms (chronic mental and physical weakness and fatigue) in group exposed to radar. (buerg)

Dmoch, A. and Moszczynski, P., 1998: “Levels of immunoglobulin and subpopulations of T lymphocytes and NK cells in men occupationally exposed to microwave radiation in frequencies of 6-12GHz”. Med Pr 49(1):45-49 – found that microwave exposed workers had decreased NK cells and a lower value of the T-helper/T-suppressor ratio was found. (buerg)

Dobson J, St. Pierre T, (1996) Application of the ferromagnetic transduction model to D.C. and pulsed magnetic fields: effects on epileptogenic tissue and implications for cellular phone safety, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996 Oct 23;227(3):718-23 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8886000 We show that pulsed fields, square waves, and D.C. fields also could force open the membrane gates long enough to disrupt normal neurophysiological processes (pwt)

Dockerty, J.D., Elwood, J.M., Skegg, D.C. and Herbison, G.P, 1998: “Electromagnetic field exposures and childhood cancers in New Zealand”. Cancer Causes and Control, 9(3): 299-309 – Electric blankets produced elevated adjusted rates of leukaemia (OR= 2.2, 95%CI: 0.7-6.4), CNS cancer (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 0.4-7.1) and other solid cancers (OR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.0-6.1). Leukaemia risk was highest when bedroom magnetic field was ( 0.2 µT compared with ( 0.1 µT, (OR= 15.5, 95%CI:1.1-224). (buerg)

Dode et al. (Brazil) (2011) Mortality by neoplasia and cellular telephone base stations. Science of the Total Environment, Volume 409, Issue 19, 1 September 2011, Pages 3649–3665 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969711005754 This 10 year study on cell phone antennas by the Municipal Health Department in Belo Horizonte and several universities in Brazil found a clearly elevated relative risk of cancer mortality at residential distances of 500 meters or less from cell phone transmission towers. Shortly after this study was published, the city prosecutor sued several cell phone companies and requested that almost half of the cities antennas be removed. Many antennas were dismantled. (eht)

Dolk et al. Am J Epidemiol 145(1):1-9 1997a- a significant increase in adult leukemias was found in residents who lived near the Sutton Coldfield television (TV) and frequency modulation (FM) radio transmitter in England. (Lai)

Dolk, H., Elliott, P., Shaddick, G., Walls, P., Grundy, C., and Thakrar, B.,1997b: Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain, II All high power transmitters”. Am J Epidemiol, 145(1):10-17 – Epidemiologists and statisticians who are unaware of [complex radial] patterns, have made serious errors in the interpretation of their data. In [this] case they assumed a simple inverse square law. Their cancer data follows a complex radial pattern which closely approximates the radial exposure pattern. (buerg)

Dosemeci, M. and Blair, A., 1994: “Occupational Cancer Mortality Among Women Employed in the Telephone Industry”. J Occup Med 36 (11): 1204-1209 – Women working in the Telephone Industry showed many excess cancers. Among white women (age <49) Rectum Cancer MOR = 3.3 (1.2-8,7); connective tissue MOR = 4.4 (2.2-8,2); Breast Cancer MOR = 1.6 (1.2-2.1), corpus uteri MOR = 3.3 (1.5-7.5, Ovary MOR = 2.1 (1.3-2.5); and Brain MOR = 2.1 (1.2-3.7). Excess risks of connective tissue cancer among engineers and technicians; office workers; telephone operators; and mechanics and repairers, MOR = 8.5, 4.9, 1.7, and 4.4 respectively. (buerg)

Draper G, Vincent T, Kroll ME, et al (2005) Childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study, BMJ, 2005, vol. 330 7503 (pg. 1290 -1294) https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/169/2/167/95445 There was a significant (P < 0.01) trend in risk in relation to the reciprocal of distance from the line

Dutta et al. (1989) Bioelectromagnetics 10(2):197-202 – reported an increase in calcium efflux in cells after exposure to RFR at 0.005 W/kg.  Calcium is an important component of normal cellular functions. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2540756 Significant 45Ca2+ efflux was obtained at SAR values of 0.05 and 0.005 W/kg (Lai)

Dutta Sk, Das K, Ghosh B, Blackman CF (1992) Dose dependence of acetylcholinesterase activity in neuroblastoma cells exposed to modulated radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation, Bioelectromagnetics 13(4) :317-322. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1510740 RFR affects both calcium-ion release and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in nervous system-derived cells in culture in a common dose-dependent manner (Pilette)

Dyka, L. D., Shakina, L. A., Strashnyuk, V. Y., & Shckorbatov, Y. G. (2016). Effects of 36.6 GHz and static magnetic field on degree of endoreduplication in Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 92(4), 222–227. doi:10.3109/09553002.2016.1137105 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26882320 Exposure to microwaves increased the degree of polyteny in chromosomes (DPC) by 7.5%

E

(início)

Eger H, Hagen KU, Lucas B, Vogel P, Voit H (2004) Einfluss der raumlichen Nahe von Mobilfunksendeanlagen auf die Krebsinzidenz [Influence of the neighbourhood of a cellular transmitter antenna on the incidence of cancer] Umwelt-Medizin-Gesellschaft Nov; 17(4): 326-335. http://www.tetrawatch.net/papers/naila.pdf The result of the study shows that the proportion of newly developing cancer cases was significantly higher (p<0.05) among those patients who had lived during the past ten years within a distance of 400 metres from the cellular transmitter site (Pilette)

El-Bediwi, Abu Bakr; Attall F. El-kott, Mohamed Saad and Eman Eid (2011) Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation Produced by Mobile Phone on Some Visceral Organs of Rat. Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 11 (6): 256-260, 2011 DOI: 10.3923/jms.2011.256.260 https://scialert.net/fulltextmobile/?doi=jms.2011.256.260 severing spermatogenic cells in some of the seminiferous tubules and major edema in the interstitial tissues

El Nahas, S.M. and Oraby, H.A., 1989: “Micronuclei formation in somatic cells of mice exposed to 50 Hz electric fields. Environ Mol Mutagen 13(2):107-111 – observed significant dose-response dependent micronuclei increase in 50 Hz exposed mice somatic cells. (buerg)

El-Sayed A., Badr H.S., Yahia R., Salem S., Kandil A., (2011), Effects of thirty minute mobile phone irradiation on morphological and physiological parameters and gene expression in pregnant rats and their fetuses, African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(26), pp 19670-19680. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/99145 vi aqui: www.ipublishing.co.in/ijesarticles/twelve/articles/…/EIJES3215.pd… Skeletal system abnormalities included short and curved tails absent of 13th rib and wavy ribs and absent of caudal vertebrae

Elekes, E., Thuróczy, G., & Szabó, L. D. (1996). Effect on the immune system of mice exposed chronically to 50 Hz amplitude-modulated 2.45 GHz microwaves. Bioelectromagnetics, 17(3), 246–248. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1996)17:3<246::AID-BEM11>3.0.CO;2-O (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8809365 AM microwave exposure induced elevation of the spleen index (+15%) and antibody-producing cell number (+55%) in the spleen of male mice

Eliyahu I, Luria R, Hareuveny R, Margaliot M, Meiran N, Shani G (2006) Effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted by cellular telephones on the cognitive functions of humans, Bioelectromagnetics Feb; 27(2): 119-126. DOI: 10.1002/bem.20187 exposure of the left side of the brain slows down the left-hand response time (Pilette)

EPA, Evaluation of the Potential Carcinogenicity of Electromagnetic Fields; Review Draft, pp 3-148 & 3-149, Dec 13, 1990 – The EPA, in a meta-analysis of over 300 scientific papers, noted a link between three site-specific childhood cancers and EMFs above 2 mG. The report states that there is a connection between EMF exposure and leukemia, lymphoma and cancer of the central nervous system. (Guru)

Erdal N, Gürgül S, Tamer L, Ayaz L (2008) Effects of long-term exposure of extremely low frequency magnetic field on oxidative/nitrosative stress in rat liver. J Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;49(2):181-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18367817 in the female rats, 3-NT levels were significantly increased (Pall)

Eris, A. H., Kiziltan, H. S., Meral, I., Genc, H., Trabzon, M., Seyithanoglu, H., … Uysal, O. (2015). Effect of Short-term 900 MHz low level electromagnetic radiation exposure on blood serotonin and glutamate levels. Bratislavské Lekárske Listy, 116(2), 101–103. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25665475 even a single 45 min of low level exposure may produce an increase in 5-HT level which may lead to a retarded learning

Erogul O et al, (2006) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study, Arch Med Res 37(7):840-3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16971222 statistically significant changes were observed in categories of sperm movement (pwt)

Esen F, Esen H (2006) Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the latency of evoked electrodermal activity, Int J Neurosci Mar; 116(3): 321-329. DOI: 10.1080/00207450500403371 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484058 electrodermal activity latency was lengthened approximately 200 ms with cellular phone exposure (Pilette)

Eser, O., Songur, A., Aktas, C., Karavelioglu, E., Caglar, V., Aylak, F., … Kanter, M. (2013). The effect of electromagnetic radiation on the rat brain: an experimental study. Turkish Neurosurgery, 23(6), 707–715. doi:10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.7088-12.2 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24310452 severe degenerative changes, shrunken cytoplasm and extensively dark pyknotic nuclei in the EMR groups

Eskander EF et al (2011) How does long term exposure to base stations and mobile phones affect human hormone profiles? Clin Biochem DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.11.006 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22138021 RFR exposures significantly impacted ACTH, cortisol, thyroid hormones, prolactin for females, and testosterone levels for males. (eht)

Esmailzadeh S, Delavar MA, Aleyassin A, Gholamian SA, Ahmadi A (2019) Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields of High Voltage Overhead Power Lines and Female Infertility. Int J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Jan;10(1):11-16. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2019.1429. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30685773 full text: http://www.theijoem.com/ijoem/index.php/ijoem/article/view/1429/1054 women living within 500 meters of the lines carried a higher risk (aOR 4.44, 95% CI 2.77 to 7.11) of infertility compared with women living more than 1000 meters of the lines.

Esmekaya, M. A., Aytekin, E., Ozgur, E., Güler, G., Ergun, M. A., Omerolu, S., & Seyhan, N. (2011a). Mutagenic and morphologic impacts of 1.8GHz radiofrequency radiation on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBLs) and possible protective role of pre-treatment with Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761). The Science of the Total Environment, 410–411, 59–64. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.036 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22014767

Esmekaya MA, Ozer C, Seyhan N (2011b) 900 MHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress on heart, lung, testis and liver tissues. Gen Physiol Biophys. 2011 Mar;30(1):84-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21460416  (Pall)

Esmekaya, M. A., Tuysuz, M. Z., Tomruk, A., Canseven, A. G., Yücel, E., Aktuna, Z., … Seyhan, N. (2016). Effects of cell phone radiation on lipid peroxidation, glutathione and nitric oxide levels in mouse brain during epileptic seizure. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.01.011 (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26836107

Estécio MRH & Silva AE 2002. Alterações cromossômicas causadas pela radiação dos monitores de vídeo de computadores. [Portuguese] Revista de Saúde Pública 36(3):330-336. (Anselmo)

Evans, J.A., Savitz, D.A., Kanal, E. and Gillen, J., 1993: “Infertility and pregnancy outcome among magnetic resonance imaging workers”. J Occup Med 35(12): 1191-1195 – compared reproductive outcomes between Magnetic Resonance Workers and other groups. MRI workers had elevated outcomes compared with other workers but compared with homemakers they were highly elevated. (buerg)

Everaert J, Bauwens D (2007) A Possible Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation from Mobile Phone Base Stations on the Number of Breeding House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). Electromagn Biol Med 2007; 26 (1): 63-72 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454083  (portal) NOVO 170607


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(início)

Falcioni L, Bua L, Tibaldi E, Lauriola M, De Angelis L, Gnudi F, Mandrioli D, Manservigi M, Manservisi F, Manzoli I, Menghetti I, Montella R, Panzacchi S, Sgargi D, Strollo V, Vornoli A, Belpoggi F. (2018) Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM base station environmental emission. Environ Res. 2018 Aug;165:496-503. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.037. Epub 2018 Mar 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29530389 press conference: https://ehtrust.org/worlds-largest-animal-study-on-cell-tower-radiation-confirms-cancer-link/

Fanelli, C., Coppola, S., Barone, R., Colussi, C., Gualandi, G., Volpe, P. and Ghibelli, L., 1999: “Magnetic fields increase cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis via modulation of Ca2+ influx”. FASEB Journal 13(1): 95-102 – One of the key roles on Ca2+ in the carcinogenic process is outlined by Fanelli et al. who showed a dose response relationship for Ca2+ influx over a static magnetic field range from 60 to 600 µT. This Ca2+ influx was observed to inhibit apoptosis. Fanelli et al. stated that magnetic fields thus might interfere with human health by altering/restoring the equilibrium between cell death and proliferation. Indeed, they conclude, the rescue of damaged cells may be the mechanism explaining why magnetic fields that are not mutagenic per se are often able to increase mutation and tumor frequencies. (buerg)

Favre, D. (2011). Mobile phone-induced honeybee worker piping. Apidologie, 42(3), 270–279. doi:10.1007/s13592-011-0016-x (Clegg) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13592-011-0016-x active mobile phone handsets have a dramatic impact on the behavior of the bees, namely by inducing the worker piping signal

Fedrowitz M, Westermann J, Loscher W (2002) Magnetic field exposure increases cell proliferation but does not affect melatonin levels in the mammary gland of female Sprague Dawley rats, Cancer Res Mar 1; 62(5): 1356-1363. (Pilette)

Fedrowitz M, Loscher W (2005) Power frequency magnetic fields increase cell proliferation in the mammary gland of female Fischer 344 rats but not various other rat strains or substrains, Oncology 69(6): 486-498. (Pilette)

Fejes I et al, (2005) Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality?, Arch Androl 51(5): 385-93 (pwt)

Fejes I., Z. Závaczki, S. Koloszár, J. SzöllQsi, J. Daru, L. Kovács & A. Pál (2007) Hypothesis: Safety of Using Mobile Phones on Male Fertility. Archives of Andrology, Journal of Reproductive Systems Volume 53, 2007 – Issue 2  http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01485010600915202?scroll=top&needAccess=true NOVO 170601

Fernandez C et al, (2005) Comparison of Electromagnetic Absorption Characteristics in the Head of Adult and a Children for 1800 MHz Mobile Phones, Conference Proceeding from the 2005 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Microwave and Optoelectronics (pwt)

Fernie KJ, Bird DM, Petitclerc D (1999) Effects of electromagnetic fields on photophasic circulating melatonin levels in American kestrels, Environ Health Perspect Nov;  107(11): 901-904. (Pilette)

Fernie KJ, Bird DM, Dawson RD, Lague PC (2000a) Effects of electromagnetic fields on the reproductive success of American kestrels, Physiol Biochem Zool Jan-Feb; 73(1): 60-65. (Pilette)

Fernie KJ, Leonard NJ, Bird DM (2000b) Behavior of free-ranging and captive  American kestrels under electromagnetic fields, J Toxicol Environ Health A. Apr 28; 59(8): 597-603. (Pilette)

Fernie KJ, Reynolds SI (2005) The effects of electromagnetic fields from power lines on avian reproductive biology and physiology : a review, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev Mar-Apr; 8(2): 127-140. (Pilette)

Ferreira A et al, (2006) Ultra high frequency-electromagnetic field irradiation during pregnancy leads to an increase in erythrocytes micronuclei incidence in rat offspring, Life Sci 2006 Dec 3;80(1):43-50 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.08.018 (pwt)

Ferreri F, Curcio G, Pasqualetti P, De Gennaro L, Fini R, Rossini PM (2006) Mobile phone emissions and human brain excitability, Ann Neurol Aug; 60(2):188-196. (Pilette)

Fesenko et al. Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 49(1):29-35, 1999 – reported a change in immunological functions in mice after exposure to RFR at a power density of 0.001 mW/cm2. (Lai)

Feychting, M., and Ahlbom, A., 1993: “Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish High-voltage power lines”. Am J. Epidemiology, 138 (7): 467-481 – found for a cut-off point of 0.2 µT a Relative Risk of RR=2.7 (95%CI: 1.0-6.3) and a trend with p=0.02. For a cut-off point of 0.3 µT, RR= 3.8 (95%CI: 1.4-9.3, for the trend p= 0.005. (buerg)

Feychting M & Ahlbom A 1994. Magnetic fields, leukemia, and central nervous system tumors in Swedish adults residing near high-voltage power lines. Epidemiology 5:501-509. (Anselmo)

Feychting M, Schulgen G, Olsen JH, Ahlbom A (1995) Magnetic fields and childhood cancer- pooled analysis of two Scandinavian studies, European J Cancer 31A (12): 2035-2039 – By pooling data from Norwegian and Swedish studies, Feychting et al. found a relative risk of RR=2.0 (95%CI: 1.0-4.1) for a 0.2 µT cut-off and RR=5.1 (95%CI: 2.1-12.6) for 0.5 µT of, a significant dose response relationship, p=0.03. (buerg)

Feychting M et al. 1998. Magnetic fields and breast cancer in Swedish adults residing near high-voltage power lines. Epidemiology 9:392-397. (Anselmo)

Feychting Maria, Jonsson Fredrik, Pedersen, Nancy L, Ahlbom A (2003) Occupational Magnetic Field Exposure and Neurodegenerative Disease, Epidemiology 14(4):413-419, July – An increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease mortality was observed among men exposed both in 1970 and 1980 (relative risk = 2.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.6-3.3 for exposure >=0.5 [mu]T).

Fews AP, Henshaw DL, Keitch PA, Close JJ and Wilding RJ, “increased exposure to pollutant aerosols under high voltage power lines”, International Journal of Radiation Biology 1999 B.;75(12), 1505-1521 (revolt)

Finnie JV, Blumbergs PC, Manavis J, Utteridge TD, Gebski V, Swift JG, Vernon-Roberts B, Kuchel TR (2001) Effect of global system for mobile communication (gsm)-like radiofrequency fields on vascular permeability in mouse brain, Pathology Aug; 33(3): 338-340. (Pilette)

Finnie JV, Blumbergs PC, Manavis J, Utteridge TD, Gebski V, Davies RA, Vernon-Roberts B, Kuchel TR (2002) Effect of long-term mobile communication microwave exposure on vascular permeability in mouse brain, Pathology Aug; 34(4): 344-347. (Pilette)

Flaherty, J.A., 1994: “The efect of on-ionising electromagnetic radiation on RAAF personnel duirng World War II”. Australian Family Physician, 23(5), 902-904 – presents The effect of non ionizing electromagnetic radiation on RAAF personnel during World War II”. He found in a group of 302 surviving veterans, men had a ratio of single to twin births of 41:1, women 38:1 and overall the ratio was 40:1. This contrasts with the ratio in the normal Australian population of 85:1. Hence radar exposed veterans had over twice the expected number of twins, a very significant result. (buerg)

Floderus, B., Tornqvist, S. and Stenlund C., 1994: “Incidence of selected cancers in Swedish railway workers, 1961-79”. Cancer Causes and Control 5(2): 189-194 – found a significant increase in Brain Tumours, RR = 12.2, 95%CI:2.8-52.5; Breast Cancer, RR = 4.9, 95%CI:1.6-11.8 and pituitary tumours, RR = 3.2, 95%CI:1.6-6.2, for electrical railway workers younger than 30 yrs.. (buerg)

Foerster M, Henneke A, Chetty-Mhlanga S, Röösli M (2019) Impact of adolescents’ screen time and nocturnal mobile phone-related awakenings on sleep and general health symptoms: A prospective cohort study.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 12;16(3). pii: E518. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030518. Open access paper: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/3/518 Our results suggest a detrimental effect of screen time and mobile phone-related awakenings on sleep problems and related health symptoms (Mosko)

Forgacs Z, Thuroczy G, Paksy K, Szabo LD (1998) Effect of sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic field on the testosterone production of mouse primary Leydig cell culture, Bioelectromagnetics 19(7): 429-431. (Pilette)

Forgacs Z, Somosy Z, Kubinyi G, Sinay H, Bakos J, Thuroczy G, Surjan A, Hudak A, Olajos F, Lazar P (2004) Effects of whole-body 50-Hz magnetic field exposure on mouse Leydig cells, Scientific World Journal Oct 20; 4 Suppl 2: 83-90. (Pilette)

Forgacs Z, Kubinyi G, Sinay G, Bakos J, Hudak A, Surjan A, Revesz C, Thuroczy G (2005) [Effects of 1800 MHz GSM-like exposure on the gonadal function and hematological parameters of male mice] [Article in Hungarian] Magy Onkol 49(2):149-151. (Pilette)

Forgacs Z, Somosy Z,  Kubinyi G, Bakos J, Hudak A, Surjan A, Thuroczy G (2006) [Effect of whole-body 1800 MHz GSM-like microwave exposure on testicular steroidogenesis and histology in mice] Reprod Toxicol  Jul; 22(1):111-117. (Pilette)

Fragopoulou, A. F., Koussoulakos, S. L., & Margaritis, L. H. (2010a). Cranial and postcranial skeletal variations induced in mouse embryos by mobile phone radiation. Pathophysiology: The Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology / ISP, 17(3), 169–177. doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.10.002 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19854628

Fragopoulou, A. F., Miltiadous, P., Stamatakis, A., Stylianopoulou, F., Koussoulakos, S. L., & Margaritis, L. H. (2010b). Whole body exposure with GSM 900MHz affects spatial memory in mice. Pathophysiology: The Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology / ISP, 17(3), 179–187. doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.11.002 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19954937

Fragopoulou, A. F., Samara, A., Antonelou, M. H., Xanthopoulou, A., Papadopoulou, A., Vougas, K., … Margaritis, L. H. (2012). Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 31(4), 7/23 250–274. doi:10.3109/15368378.2011.631068 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22263702 (Clegg)

Frey AH (1998) Headaches from cellular telephones: are they real and what are the implications?, Environ Health Perspect Mar; 106(3):101-103. (Pilette)

Friedman, H.L., 1981: “Are chronic exposure to microwaves and polycythemia associated [letter]”. New England J. Med., 304 (6), pp 357-­358 – Higher frequency of increase in red blood cells (polycythemaemia) with  microwave exposure. (buerg)

Furtado-Filho, O. V., Borba, J. B., Dallegrave, A., Pizzolato, T. M., Henriques, J. A. P., Moreira, J. C. F., & Saffi, J. (2014). Effect of 950 MHz UHF electromagnetic radiation on biomarkers of oxidative damage, metabolism of UFA and antioxidants in the livers of young rats of different ages. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 90(2), 159–168. doi:10.3109/09553002.2013.817697 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23789976 (Clegg)

Furtado-Filho, O. V., Borba, J. B., Maraschin, T., Souza, L. M., Henriques, J. A. P., Moreira, J. C. F., & Saffi, J. (2015). Effects of chronic exposure to 950 MHz ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation on reactive oxygen species metabolism in the right and left cerebral cortex of young rats of different ages. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 91(11), 891–897. doi:10.3109/09553002.2015.1083629 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26272641 (Clegg)


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(início)

Gandhi G, Gandhi A (2005) Genetic damage in mobile phone users: some preliminary findings. Published in: Indian J Hum Genet 2005; 11 (2): 99-104 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/16801 has full text (portal1)

Gao, X., Luo, R., Ma, B., Wang, H., Liu, T., Zhang, J., … Cui, X. (2013). [Interference of vitamin E on the brain tissue damage by electromagnetic radiation of cell phone in pregnant and fetal rats]. Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research, 42(4), 642–646. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24024380 (Clegg)

Gapeev AB, Lushnikov KV, Shumilina Iu.V, Sirota NP, Sadovnikov VB, Chemeris NK (2003) [Effects of low-intensity extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation on chromatin structure of lymphoid cells in vivo and in vitro][Article in Russian] Radiats Biol Radioecol Jan-Feb; 43(1): 87-92. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12677665 shown for the first time that low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) in vivo causes oppositely directed effects on spatial organization of chromatin in cells of lymphoid organs (Pilette)

Gapeev AB et al (2007) [Thermoelastic excitation of acoustic waves in biological models under the effect of the high peak-power pulsed electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequency] Biofizika. 2007 Nov-Dec;52(6):1087-92. DOI: 10.1134/S0006350907060139 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18225661 The capability to excite acoustic waves in model water-containing objects and muscular tissue of animals has been experimentally shown for the first time (eht)

Garaj-Vrhovac, V., Fucic, A, and Horvat, D., 1990a: “Comparison of chromosome aberration and micronucleus induction in human lymphocytes after occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer and microwave radiation”, Periodicum Biologorum, Vol 92, No.4, pp 411-416. (buerg)

Garaj-Vrhovac, V., Horvat, D. and Koren, Z., 1990b: “The effect of microwave radiation on the cell genome”. Mutat Res 243: 87-93 (1990). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2304485 higher frequency of specific chromosome lesions in cells that had been irradiated (buerg)

Garaj-Vrhovac, V., Horvat, D. and Koren, Z., 1991: “The relationship between colony-forming ability, chromosome aberrations and incidence of micronuclei in V79 Chinese Hamster cells exposed to microwave radiation”. Mutat Res 263: 143-149. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2067554 significantly higher frequency of specific chromosome aberrations (buerg)

Garaj-Vrhovac, V., Fucic, A, and Horvat, D., 1992: The correlation between the frequency of micronuclei and specific aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to microwave radiation in vitro”. Mutation Research, 281: 181-186. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1371840 microwave radiation causes changes in the genome of somatic human cells (buerg)

Garaj-Vrhovac, V., and Fucic, A., 1993: “The rate of elimination of chromosomal aberrations after accidental exposure to microwave radiation”. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 30:319-325. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0302459893800918 significantly increased number of chromosome breaks, acentric fragments, dicentric and polycentric chromosomes (buerg)

Garaj-Vrhovac V & V Orescanin (2009) Assessment of DNA sensitivity in peripheral blood leukocytes after occupational exposure to microwave radiation: the alkaline comet assay and chromatid breakage assay Cell Biol Toxicol 25(1):33-43 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18214694 Our results indicate that MW radiation represents a potential DNA-damaging hazard (pwt-radar)

Garaj-Vrhovac V, Gajski G, Pazanin S, Sarolic A, Domijan AM, Flajs D, Peraica M (2011) Assessment of cytogenetic damage and oxidative stress in personnel occupationally exposed to the pulsed microwave radiation of marine radar equipment. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2011; 214 (1): 59-65 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/18617 comet assay parameters and micronucleus test parameters (micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds) were statistically significant between the two examined groups (portal1)

Garcia-Sagredo, J.M. and Monteagudo, J.L., 1991: “Effect of low-level pulsed electromagnetic fields on human chromosomes in vitro: analysis of chromosome aberrations”. Hereditas 115(1): 9-11 – a significant effect was observed for one of the intensities tested (40 Gauss), relative to the control group with respect to the yield of chromosome breakages. (buerg)

Garland, F.C., Shaw, E., Gorham, E.D., Garland C.F., White, M.R. and Sinsheimer, P.J., 1990: “Incidence of leukemia in occupations with potential electromagnetic field exposure in United States Navy personnel”. Am. J. Epidemiology, 132(2): 293-303 – Navy Electrician’s Mates have an excess risk of leukaemia, RR=2.4 (1.0-5.0). (buerg)

Gerashchenko, S.I., Pisanko, O.I.  &  Mus’kin, Yu.N. (2001) Some physiological reactions of organisms under the influence of EHF radiation. Apparatniy kompleks “Elektronika-KVCh” I yevo primenenie v meditsine., L.G. Gassanova, ed.  Moscow: 1991, 156 pp. NPO “Saturn, Kiev, pp. 65-71. February, 2001 – Supplement 27 (avaate table 4 nr. 25) Change in bioelectric activity of muscles in deep stages of hypnosis

Ghandi et al, 2014 (India) A cross-sectional case control study on genetic damage in individuals residing in the vicinity of a mobile phone base station. Electromagn Biol Med. 2015;34(4):344-54. doi: 10.3109/15368378.2014.933349. Epub 2015 Aug 28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25006864 This cross-sectional case control study on genetic damage in individuals living near cell towers found genetic damage parameters of DNA were significantly elevated. The authors state,” The genetic damage evident in the participants of this study needs to be addressed against future disease-risk, which in addition to neurodegenerative disorders, may lead to cancer.”

Gholampour F; S.M. Owji and T.S. Javadifar (2011) Chronic Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Induces Mild Renal Damages in Rats. International Journal of Zoological Research Volume 7 (6): 393-400, 2011 https://scialert.net/fulltextmobile/?doi=ijzr.2011.393.400 long term exposure to ELFEMF impacts renal function by influencing the perfusion of kidney

Golbach LA, Portelli LA, Savelkoul HF, Terwel SR, Kuster N, de Vries RB, Verburg-van Kemenade BM. (2016) Calcium homeostasis and low-frequency magnetic and electric field exposure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. Environ Int. 2016 Jul-Aug; 92-93:695-706. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26872872 NOVO 170610

Goldhaber, M.K., Polen, M.R., and Hiatt, R.A., 1988: “The risk of miscarriage and birth defects among women who use visual display terminals during pregnancy”. Am. J. Industrial Medicine, Vol 13, p695 – a doubling of miscarriage rates has been reported in women working at computer terminals for more than 20 hours/week in the first three months of pregnancy. Note that VDU’s emit a wide range of RF radiation. (buerg)

Goldsmith J.R. (1995) Epidemiological evidence of radiofrequency radiation (microwave) effects on health in military, broadcasting, and occupational studies. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 1995; 1: 47-57. DOI:10.1179/oeh.1995.1.1.47 Such findings are consistent with excess cancer incidences both in the Moscow Embassy cohort and in the other Eastern European embassy employees

Goldsmith, J.R., 1997b: “Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects”. Environmental Health Perspectives, 105 (Suppl 6): 1579-1587 – Dr Goldsmith’s own conclusions, after reviewing some of the epidemiological data on RF health effects include: “Available data suggest that RF radiation be considered a carcinogenic risk, a position already taken in an internal U.S. E.P.A. document [Cited in Sibbison (1990)], in 1990 when there was much less evidence of the potential harmfulness of RF radiation.” (buerg)

Goodman R, Blank M. 1998. Magnetic field stress induces expression of hsp70. Cell Stress Chaperones 3:79-88. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC312950/ low frequency magnetic fields can be added to the many environmental factors that induce the stress response

Goswami, P.C., Albee, L.D., Parsian, A.J., Baty, J.D., Moros, E.G., Pickard, W.F., Roti Roti, J.L. and Hunt, C.R., 1999: “Proto-oncogene mRNA levels and activities of multiple transcription factors in C3H 10T 1/2 murine embryonic fibroblasts exposed to 835.62 and 847.74 MHz cellular telephone communication frequency radiation”. Radiat Res 151(3): 300-309 – Cell phone radiation significantly enhances the proto oncogene c-fos activity in C3H 10T 1/2 cells, from a 40 % (p=0.04) increase from a digital cell phone and a 2-fold increase (p=0.001) from an analogue cell phone. (buerg)

Graham, C., Cook, M.R., Cohen, H.D. and Gerkovich, M.M., 1994: “A dose response study of human exposure to 60Hz electric and magnetic fields”. Bioelectromagnetics 15: 447-463. (buerg)

Graham, C., Cook, M.R., Sastre, A., Riffle, D.W. and Gerkovich, M.M., 2000: “Multi-night exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields: effects on melatonin and its enzymatic metabolite”. J Pineal Res 28(1): 1-8. (buerg)

Graham C, Cook MR, Gerkovich MM, Sastre A, “Examination of the melatonin hypothesis in women exposed at night to EMR or bright light”, Environ Health Perspect 2001 May;109(5):501-507 – overnight exposure of women to elevated levels of EMR in the laboratory significantly increased their level of oestrogen, which is a known risk factor for breast cancer. (Nexus 14(5))

Grayson, J.K., 1996a: “Radiation Exposure, Socioeconomic Status, and Brain Tumour Risk in the US Air Force: A nested Case-Control Study”. American J. of Epidemiology, 143 (5), 480-486 – U.S. Air Force personnel, age-race-adjusted odds ratios ELF fields OR = 1.28 (0.95-1.74) RF/MW fields OR = 1.39 (1.01-1.90). Quoted by ICNIRP as failing to show significant increases in nervous system tumours, when it does show a significant increase in brain tumor for RF/MW exposed personnel. (buerg)

Grayson, J.K. and Lyons, T.J., 1996b: “Cancer incidence in the United States Air Force”. Aviat Space Environ Med 67(2): 101-104 – U.S. Air Force. aircrew compared OR = 1.77(1.17-2.68) n=37 with non-flying crew; adjusted for rank, socioecom. OR = 1.22 (0.76-1.95). (buerg)

Greenland S, Sheppard AR, Kaune WT, Poole C and Kelsh MA, Epidemiology 2000;11, 624-634 – a pooled analysis of magnet fields, wire codes and childhood Leukaemia. (revolt)

Greschner AA, Ropagnol X, Kort M, Zuberi N, Perreault J, Razzari L, Ozaki T, Gauthier MA (2019) Room temperature and selective triggering of supramolecular DNA assembly/disassembly by non-ionizing radiation. J Am Chem Soc. 2019 Feb 1. doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b10355. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30707028 microwaves were shown to promote the repair and assembly of DNA nanostructures and single-stranded regions of plasmid DNA, (Mosko)

Grigor’ev Iu.G (2003) [Biological effects of mobile phone electromagnetic field on chick embryo (risk assessment using the mortality rate)] [Article in Russian] Radiats Biol Radioecol Sep-Oct; 43(5): 541-543. (Pilette)

Grigoriev, Y.G., Mikhailov, V.F., Ivanov, A.A. et al. (2010) Autoimmune processes after long-term low-level exposure to electromagnetic fields part 4. Oxidative intracellular stress response to the long-term rat exposure to nonthermal RF EMF. BIOPHYSICS (2010) 55: 1054. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0006350910060308 (Pall)

Grimaldi S et al. 2004. Influence of 50 Hz electromagnetic field on anurian (Xenopus laevis) Metamorphosis. The Scientific World Journal 4(S2):41:47. (Anselmo)

Grundler, W., Kaiser, F., Keilmann, F., & Walleczek, J. (1992). Mechanisms of electromagnetic interaction with cellular systems. Die Naturwissenschaften, 79(12), 551-9. DOI: 10.1007/BF01131411 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1480219 Comment: 0.000005 µW/cm² = 0,05 µW/m² affected yeast growth. (emfr) “microwaves affect yeast growth at very low power densities (0.000005 µW/cm²)”

Guenel, P., Nicolau, J., Imbernon, E., Chevalier, A.and Goldberg, M., 1996: “Exposure to electric field and incidence of leukemia, brain tumors, and other cancers among French electric utility workers”. Am J Epidemiol 144(12):1107-1121 – France electrical utility workers Brain tumour OR = 3.06 (1.08-8.74) n=69, 5 year latency OR = 3.69 (1.10-12.43). (buerg)

Gulati S, Yadav A, Kumar N, Kanupriya, Aggarwal NK, Kumar R, Gupta R. (2015) Effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms on Genetic Damage in Humans Populations Exposed to Radiation From Mobile Towers. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print] DOI: 10.1007/s00244-015-0195-y https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26238667?dopt=Abstract In our study, 116 persons exposed to radiation from mobile towers and 106 control subjects were genotyped for polymorphisms in the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined using alkaline comet assay in terms of tail moment (TM) value and micronucleus assay in buccal cells (BMN). Our results indicated that TM value and BMN frequency were higher in an exposed population compared with a control group and the difference is significant. In our study, we found that different health symptoms, such as depression, memory status, insomnia, and hair loss, were significantly associated with exposure to EMR. Damaging effects of nonionizing radiation result from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent radical formation and from direct damage to cellular macromolecules including DNA. (eht)

Guler G, Turkozer Z, Tomruk A, Seyhan N (2008) The protective effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on electric field-induced hepatic oxidative stress. Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Aug;84(8):669-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18661381 significant increase in the levels of oxidant products and a significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (Pall)

Guler G, Tomruk A, Ozgur E, Seyhan N. 2010. The effect of radiofrequency radiation on DNA and lipid damage in non-pregnant and pregnant rabbits and their newborns. Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 29(1): 59-66 http://www.elis.sk/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=1916&category_id=63&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=1&vmcchk=1&Itemid=1 MDA and 8-OHdG levels of non-pregnant and pregnant-RFR exposed animals significantly increased with respect to controls (nrc)

Guney M, Ozguner F, Oral B, Karahan N, Mungan T (2007) 900 MHz radiofrequency-induced histopathologic changes and oxidative stress in rat endometrium: protection by vitamins E and C. Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Aug;23(7):411-20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18536493 Endometrial levels of nitric oxide (NO, an oxidant product) and malondialdehyde (MDA, an index of lipid peroxidation), increased in EMR exposed rats (Pall)

Guy, A.W., Chou, C.K., Kunz, L.L., Crowley, J, and Krupp, J., 1985: “Effects of long-term low-level radiofrequency radiation exposure on rats. Vol 9. Summary. University of Washington, USAFSAM-TR-85-64 – In May 1991 the United Kingdom’s NRPB didn’t find anything reliably significant in the long-term mouse study of Guy et al. (1985) in which found a significant increase in primary malignant tumors at an SAR of 0.4 W/kg. The U.S. E.P.A. internal review team found this study much more relevant and used it as an important support for their recommendation to classify RF/MW as a possible human carcinogen. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a159512.pdf There is statistical evidence that the number of primary malignancies was higher in the exposed animals than in the sham exposed (p. 19) (buerg)

Gye, Myung Chan Gye and Park, Chan Jin. 2012. Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the reproductive system. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2012 Mar; 39(1): 1–9. novo 170518
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341445/ EMF fertility  many in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that EMF exposure can alter cellular homeostasis, endocrine function, reproductive function, and fetal development in animal systems



H

(início)

Ha M, Lim HJ, Cho SH, Choi HD, Cho KY (2003) Incidence of cancer in the vicinity of Korean AM radio transmitters, Arch Environ Health. 2003 Dec;58(12):756-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=15859510

Ha (Mina), Hyoungjune Im, Mihye Lee, Hyun Joo Kim, Byung-Chan Kim, Yoon-Myoung Gimm and Jeong-Ki Pack (2007) Radio-Frequency Radiation Exposure from AM Radio Transmitters and Childhood Leukemia and Brain Cancer, Am. J. Epidemiol. (2007) 166 (3): 270-279. http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/166/3/270.abstract “The odds ratio for all types of leukemia was 2.15 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 4.67) among children who resided within 2 km of the nearest AM radio transmitter as compared with those resided more than 20 km from it”

Haarala C et al, (2007) Pulsed and continuous wave mobile phone exposure over left versus right hemisphere: Effects on human cognitive function., [Epub ahead of print](pwt)

Haggerty, K. (2010). Adverse Influence of Radio Frequency Background on Trembling Aspen Seedlings: Preliminary Observations. International Journal of Forestry Research, Volume 2010, Article ID 836278, 7 pages. “Numerous incidents of aspen decline have been recorded in North America over the past half century, and incidents of very rapid mortality of aspen clones have been observed in Colorado since 2004. The radio frequency (RF) environment of the earth has undergone major changes in the past two centuries due to the development and use of electricity in power and communications applications, and the anthropogenic RF background continues to increase in intensity and complexity. This study suggests that the RF background may have strong adverse effects on growth rate and fall anthocyanin production in aspen, and may be an underlying factor in aspen decline.” http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfr/2010/836278.html Comment: See also Selga & Selga (1996) and Brumelis et al. (1996)) (emfr)

Haider, T., Knasmueller, S., Kundi, M, and Haider, M., 1994: “Clastogenic effects of radiofrequency radiation on chromosomes of Tradescantia”. Mutation Research, 324:65-68. (buerg) “the clastogenic effects are clearly attributable to the short-wave radiation from the antennae”

Halgamuge MN. 2017 Review: Weak radiofrequency radiation exposure from mobile phone radiation on plants. Electromagn Biol Med. 2017;36(2):213-235. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27650031 vi aqui: List-of-170-EMF-Review-Studies-M.-Pall.pdf “data from a substantial amount of the studies on RF-EMFs from mobile phones show physiological and/or morphological effects”

Hallberg O, Johansson O, (2004) concluded that continuous disturbance of cell repair mechanisms by body-resonant FM electromagnetic fields seems to amplify the carcinogenic effects resulting from cell damage caused e.g. by UV-radiation. (Lai)

Hamblin DL, Wood AW (2002) Effects of mobile phones emissions on human brain activity and sleep variables, Int J Radiat Biol Aug;78(8): 659-669. (Pilette)

Hamblin DL, Wood AW, Croft RJ, Stough C (2004) Examining the effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by GSM mobile phones on human event-related potentials and performance during and auditory task, Clin Neurophysiol Jan;115(1):171-178. (Pilette)

Hamnerius Y, Rasmuson A,  Rasmuson B (1985) Biological effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on Salmonella typhimurium and Drosophila melanogaster, Bioelectromagnetics 6(4): 405-414. (Pilette)

Han L, Lin H, Head M, Jin M, Blank M, Goodman R. 1998. Application of magnetic field-induced heat shock protein 70 for presurgical cytoprotection. J Cell Biochem 71:577± 583. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9827703 In cells exposed continuously for 3 h, hsp70 levels peaked (46%) within 20 min and returned to control levels by 2 h

Hansson H 1981. Lamellar bodies and purkinje nerve cells experimentally induced by electric field. Brain Research 216:187-191. (Anselmo)

Harakawa S, Takahashi I, Doge F & Martin DE (2004) Effect of a 50 Hz electric field on plasma ACTH, glucose, lactate, and pyruvate levels in stressed rats, Bioelectromag 25(5): 346-51- EMF changes stress response. (Anselmo)

Hardell L, Holmberg B, Malker H, Paulsson LE (1995) Exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and the risk of malignant diseases–an evaluation of epidemiological and experimental findings, Eur J Cancer Prevention Sep; 4 Suppl 1:3-107 – concluded that there are possible associations between an increased risk of leukaemia in children and the existence of, or distance to, power lines in the vicinity of their residence, an increased risk of chronic lymphatic leukaemia and occupational exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields and, an increased risk of breast cancer, malignant melanoma of the skin, nervous system tumours, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukaemia or acute myeloid leukaemia and certain occupations. (buerg)

Hardell L, Nasman A, Pahlson A, Hallquist A, Hansson Mild K (1999) Use of cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours: A case-contol study, Int J Oncol  Jul; 15(1): 113-116. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Hallquist A, Mild KH, Carlberg M, Pahlson A, Lilja A (2002a) Cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for brain tumours, Eur J Cancer Prev Aug; 11(4): 377-386. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Mild KH, Carlberg M (2002b) Case-control study on the use of cellular and cordless phones and the risk for malignant brain tumours, Int J Radiat Biol  Oct; 78(10): 931-936. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Mild KH, Carlberg M (2003a) Further aspects on cellular and cordless telephones and brain tumours, Int J Oncol  Feb; 22(2):399-407. (Pilette)

Hardell L et al, (2003b) Vestibular schwannoma, tinnitus and cellular telephones, Neuroepidemiology Mar-Apr;22(2):124-9 (pwt)

Hardell L, Mild KH, Carlberg M, Hallquist A (2004) Cellular and cordless telephone use and the association with brain tumors in different age groups, Arch Environ Health Mar; 59(3): 132-137. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K (2005a) Case-control study on cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for acoustic neuroma or meningioma in patients diagnosed 2000-2003, Neuroepidemiology 25(3):120-128. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K (2005b) Use of cellular telephones and brain tumour risk in urban and rural areas, Occup Environ Med Jun; 62(6): 390-394. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Carlberg M, Sundstrom C, Mild KH (2005c) Use of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Int Arch Occup Environ Health Sep; 78(8): 625-632. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K (2006a) Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on  the use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of benign brain tumours diagnosed during 1997- 2003, Int J Oncol Feb; 28(2):509-518. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Mild KH (2006b) Case-control study of the association between the use of cellular and cordless telephones and malignant brain tumours diagnosed during 2000-2003, Environ Res Feb; 100(2): 232-241. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K (2006c) Mobile phone use and risk of acoustic neuroma : results of the interphone case-control study in five North European countries, Br J Cancer May 8; 94(9):1348-1349. (Pilette)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K (2006d) Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on  use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003, Int Arch Occup Environ Health Sep; 79(8): 630 -639. (Pilette)

Hardell L et al, (2006e) Tumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones, World J Surg Oncol 2006 Oct 11; 4:74 (pwt)

Hardell L et al, (2006f) Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer. [Epub ahead of print](pwt)

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Mild KH and Morgan LL (2007) Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: increased risk associated with use for >=10 years, Occup Environ Med;64:626-632

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K (2013a) Use of mobile phones and cordless phones is associated with increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma. Pathophysiology 2013; 20 (2): 85-110 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23261330 (portal) NOVO 170607

Hardell, Lennart; Michael Carlberg, Fredrik Söderqvist, And Kjell Hansson Mild (2013b) Case-control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use. Int J Oncol. 2013 Dec; 43(6): 1833–1845. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3834325/

Harland JD, Lee MY, Levine RP (1997) Differential inhibition of Tamoxifen’s Oncostatic Functions in a Breast Cancer line by a 1.2 microtesla Field. (revolt)

Hayes RB, Morris Brown L, Pottern LM, Gomez M, Kardaun JWPF, Hoover RN, O’Connell KJ, Sutsman RE, Nasser J (1990) Occupational and Risk for Testicular Cancer: A Case Control Study, International Journal of Epidemiology, 19, No.4, pp 825-831 – report an Odds ratio for all testicular cancer of 3.1 (CI: 1.4-6.9) for a small sample of workers who were occupationally exposed to RF/MW radiation. (buerg)

Heikkinen P, Kosma VM, Alhonen L, Huuskonen H, Komulainen H, Kumlin T, Laitinen JT, Lang S, Puranen L, Juutilainen J (2003) Effects of mobile phone radiation on UV-induced skin tumourigenesis in ornithine decarboxylase transgenic and non-transgenic mice, Int J Radiat Biol  Apr; 79(4): 221-233. (Pilette)

Heller, J.H., and Teixeira-Pinto, A.A., 1959: “A new physical method of creating chromosome aberrations”. Nature, Vol 183, No. 4665, March 28, 1959, pp 905-906 – showed that non-thermal pulsed RF signals could cause complex chromosomes breaks which mimicked the effect of ionizing radiation and c-mitotic chemicals. (buerg)

Hepworth S et al, (2006) Mobile phone use and risk of glioma in adults: case-control study, BMJ 2006 Apr 15;332(7546):883-7 (pwt)

Hjollund et al. Reprod Toxicol 11(6):897,  1997 – sperm counts of Danish military personnel, who operated mobile ground-to-air missile units that use several RFR emitting radar systems (maximal mean exposure 0.01 mW/cm2), were significantly lower compared to references. (Lai)

Hocking et al. (1996) Med J Aust  165(11-12): 601-605 – an association was found between increased childhood leukemia incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers. (Lai)

Hocking B, Westerman R (2000) Neurological abnormalities associated with mobile phone use, Occup Med  (London) Jul; 50(5): 366-368. (Pilette)

Hocking B, Westerman R (2002) Neurological changes induced by a mobile phone, Occup Med (London) Oct; 52(7):413- 415. (Pilette)

Hocking B, Westerman R, (2003) Neurological effects of radiofrequency radiation, Occup Med 2003 Mar;53(2):123-7 (pwt)

Holmberg B (1995) Magnetic fields and cancer: animal and cellular evidence – an overview, Env Health Persp 103(2):63-67. (Anselmo)

Höytö A, Juutilainen J, Naarala J (2007) Ornithine decarboxylase activity is affected in primary astrocytes but not in secondary cell lines exposed to 872 MHz RF radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Jun;83(6):367-74. vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks  180203

Howe GR & Lindsay JP (1983) A follow-up study of ten-percent sample of the Canadian Labor Force, J Natl Cancer Inst 70:37-44. (Anselmo)

HSU TC, Ramkissoon D & Furlong C 1986. Differential susceptibility to a mutagen among human individuals: synergistic effect on chromosome damage between bleomycin and aplidicolin. Anticancer Res 6:1171-1176. (Anselmo)

Huang CT, Liu P, Wu HX, Wang JL, Wu XN (2006) [« Effects of NMDA receptor expression in rat’s hippocampus after exposure to 1800 MHz radio frequency field] [Article in Chinese] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, Jan;40(1): 21-24. (Pilette)

Huber R, Graf T, Cote KA, Wittmann L, Gallmann E,  Matter D, Schuderer J, Kuster N, Borbely AA, Achermann P (2000) Exposure to pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field during waking affects human sleep EEG, Neuroreport Oct;11(15): 3321-3325. (Pilette)

Huber R et al, (2002) Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG, J Sleep Res 2002 Dec;11(4):289-95 (pwt)

Huber R, Schuderer J, Graf T, Jutz K, Borbely AA, Kuster N, Achermann P (2003) Radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure in humans : Estimation of SAR distribution in the brain, effects on sleep and heart rate, Bioelectromagnetics  May; 24(4): 262-276. (Pilette)

Huber R, Treyer V, Schuderer J, Berthold T, Buck A,  Kuster N, Landolt HP,  Achermann P (2005) Exposure to pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields affects regional cerebral blood flow, Eur J Neurosci Feb; 21(4):1000-1006. (Pilette)

Hug K, Röösli M, Rapp R (2006) Magnetic field exposure and neurodegenerative diseases—recent epidemiological studies, Soz Praventivmed, 2006, vol. 51 4 (pg. 210 -220) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17193783 evidence for an association between occupational exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields and the risk of dementia has increased during the last five years

Hung CS, Anderson C, Horne JA, McEvoy P (2007) Mobile phone ‘talk-mode’ signal delays EEG-determined sleep onset. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jun 21;421(1):82-6. Epub 2007 May 24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17548154?dopt=Abstract

Huss A et al, (November 2008) Residence Near Power Lines and Mortality From NeurodegenerativeDiseases: Longitudinal Study of the Swiss Population, Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Nov 5. [Epub aheadof print] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18990717 There was a dose-response relation with respect to years of residence in the immediate vicinity of power lines and Alzheimer’s disease (Moef)

Hutter HP, Moshammer A, Wallner P, Kundi M (2006) Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations, Occup Environ Med May; 63(5): 307-313. (Pilette)


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Ichinose TY et al. 2004. Immune markers and ornithine decarboxilase among electric utility workers. J Occup Env Med 46(2):104-112. (Anselmo)

Ilhan A, Gurel A, Armutcu F, Kamisli S, Iraz M, Akyol O, Ozen S (2004) Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Clin Chim Acta. 2004 Feb;340(1-2):153-62. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14734207?dopt=Abstract (Koylu)

— INTERPHONE Study Group (2010) Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. Int J Epidemiol. 2010 Jun;39(3):675-94. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyq079. Epub 2010 May 17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20483835 https://magdahavas.com/lessons-from-the-interphone-study/ a 40% increased risk of glioma for those who used a cell phone for at least 1,640 hours. Study designed to minimize finding adverse effects of cell phones

Irmak MK, Fadilliolu E, Güleç M, Erdoan H, Yamurca M, Akyol O (2002) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular telephone on the oxidant and antioxidant levels in rabbits. Cell Biochem Funct. 2002 Dec;20(4):279-83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12415560?dopt=Abstract

Irmak MK, Oztas E, Yagmurca M, Fadillioglu E,  Bakir B (2003) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular telephone on epidermal Merkel cells, J Cutan Pathol  Feb; 30(2):135-138. (Pilette)

Irvine, D. and Davies, D,M., 1992: “The mortality of British Airways pilots., 1966-1989: a proportional mortality study”. Aviat Space Environ Med 63(4):276-279 – England, British Airways pilots, ELF/RF PMR = 2.68, p<0.05. (buerg)

Iurinskaia MM, Kuznetsov VI, Galeev AL, Kolomytkin OV (1996) [Reaction of the brain receptor system to the effect of low intensity microwaves]  [Article in Russian] Biofizika Jul-Aug; 41(4): 859-865. (Pilette)

Ivancsits S, Diem E, , et al. (2002): Induction of DNA strand breaks by intermittent exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields in human diploid fibroblasts. Mutat Res 519:1–13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12160887?dopt=Abstract vi aqui: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1080/01485010600915202?scroll=top   NOVO 170601

Ivaschuk OI, Jones RA, Ishida-Jones T, Haggren Q, Adey WR and Phillips JL, 1997: “Exposure of nerve growth factor-treated PC12 rat pheochromscytoma cells to a modulated radiofrequency field at 836.55 MHz: effects on c-jun and c-fos expression”. Bioelectromagnetics 18(3): 223-229 – Cell phone radiation (836.55 MHz) significantly altered c-jun transcript levels. (buerg)


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(início)

Jacobson, C.B., 1969: Progress report on SCC 31732, (Cytogenic analysis of blood from the staff at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow), George Washington University, Reproductive Genetics Unit, Dept. of Obstertics and Genocolgy, February 4, 1969 – found significant alterations in white and red blood cell counts. (buerg)

Jandová, A. and Hurych, J. and Pokorný, J. and CoÇcek, A. and Trojan, S. and Nedbalová, M. and Dohnalová, A. (2001) Effects of Sinusoidal Magnetic Field on Adherence Inhibition of Leukocytes. Electro- and Magnetobiology, 20(3):397–413, January. (Noda) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1081/JBC-100108578 
“The majority of T lymphocytes taken from healthy humans normally adhere to a substrate, and the NAI [nonadherence index] value is small. Exposure to a magnetic eld increases the number of nonadherent T lymphocytes, as well as the NAI value.”

Jeong JH et al. 2000. Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on pain thresholds in mice: roles of melatonin and opioids. J Auto Pharmacol 20:259-264. (Anselmo)      

Jeong JH et al. 2005. Influence of exposure to electromagnetic field on the cardiovascular system. Autonomic & Autacoid Pharmacology 25:17-23. (Anselmo)

Johansen, C. and Olsen, J.H., 1998: “Risk of cancer among Danish utility workers – a nationwide cohort study”. Am J Epidemiol 147(6):548-555 – Danish Utility Workers; Women SIR = 1.3 (0.7-2.2) n=15, Women >10yrs < 0.09 µT SIR = 1.9 n=4, 0.1-0.29 µT SIR = 9.2 p<0.05 n=2. (buerg)

Johanson, C., Kock-Henriksen, N., Rasmussen, S. and Olsen, J.H., 1999: “Multiple Sclerosis among utility workers”, Neurology, 52: 1279-1282 – They investigated the incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among utility workers. With 32 cases of MS diagnosed when 23.7 were expected, they found a Standardized Incidence Ratio, SIR = 1.35, 95%CI: 0.92-1.91. They then conclude: “We found no support for the hypothesis of an association between occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and the risk of MS.” [However, what do we conclude if we look closely at their data?] Based on only 14 cases, for low, medium and high exposures they observed SIRs of 0.8, 1.4 and 1.6. This is a remarkable result with a biological gradient. This “admits of a simple explanation and puts the case in a clearer light”. Actually this study provides very strong support for the hypothesis. Along with several other studies it supports the cause and effect hypothesis. (buerg)

Johansson O, Gangi S, Liang Y, Yoshimura K, Jing C, Liu PY (2001) Cutaneous mast cells are altered in normal healthy volunteers sitting in front of ordinary TVs/PCs–results from open-field provocation experiments. J Cutan Pathol. 2001 Nov;28(10):513-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11737520  

Johansson, O. (2006): Electrohypersensitivity: state-of-the art of a functional impairment. Electromagnetic Biology Medicine 25: 245-258. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17178584 vi aqui: https://einarflydal.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/signifikanterruckgangemf.pdf NOVO 170603

Johansson O (2009) Disturbance of the immune system by electromagnetic fields-A potentially underlying cause for cellular damage and tissue repair reduction which could lead to disease and impairment. Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):157-77. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398310

Johnson-Liakouris, A.J.. 1998: “Radiofrequency (RF) Sickness in the Lilienfeld Study: an effect of modulated microwaves”. Arch Environ Heath 53(3):236-238 – identified significant dose-response relationships for the following symptoms from the use of mobile phones: Memory Loss, Difficulty in Concentrating, Headache, Fatigue. (buerg)

Johnson CC and Spitz CC, 1989: “Childhood nervous system tumors: an assessment of risk associated with parental operations involving use, repair or manufacture of electrical and electronic equipment”. Int J Epidemiol, Vol 18, p 756 – an increased incidence of malignant brain tumors has been reported in children of fathers exposed to electromagnetic fields and electronic solvents. (verdinrete) (buerg)

Juutilainen, J., Matilainen, P., Saarikoski, S., Laara, E. and Suonio, S., 1993: “Early pregnancy loss and exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields”. Bioelectromagnetics, 14(3): 229-236 – observed a significant early pregnancy loss associated with “high” residential 50 Hz exposures (( 0,63 µT at the front door), OR = 5.1 (1.0-25). (buerg)

Juutilainen, J., Stevens, R.G., Anderson, L.E., Hansen, N.H., Kilpelainen, M., Laitinen, J.T., Sobel, E. and Wilson, B.W., 2000: “Nocturnal 6-hydroxymelatonin sulphate excretion in female workers exposed to magnetic fields”. J Pineal Res 28(2): 97-104. (buerg)


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Kaczmarek, L.K. and Adey, W.R., 1973: “The efflux of 45Ca2+ and 3H-gamma-aminobutyric acid from cat cerebral cortex”. Brain Research, 63: 331-342 – showed that weak oscillating electric gradients, no larger than the EEG (50-100 mV/cm), increase efflux of calcium ions and GABA from cat cerebral cortex by almost 20%. Cellular calcium ions play many vital roles in cell growth and development regulation. Hence the ability of EMR to induce changes in cellular calcium ions is fundamentally important in assessing the biological mechanisms which contribute to adverse health effects. (buerg)

Kalanjati VP, Purwantari KE, Prasetiowati L (2019) Aluminium foil dampened the adverse effect of 2100 MHz mobile phone-induced radiation on the blood parameters and myocardium in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Feb 26. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04601-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30806932 several modulations occurred in the group that was exposed to the RFR (Mosko)

Kallen, B., Malmquist, G., and Moritz, U., 1982: “Delivery Outcome among Physiotherapists in Sweden: is Non-ionizing Radiation a Fetal Hazard? Archives of Environmental Health, 37(2): 81-84 – report significant increases in malformed children and perinatal deaths for physiotherapists using RF diathermy. (buerg)

Kaplan, S., Etlin, S., Novkov, I, and Modan, B., 1997: “Occupational risks for the development of brain tumors. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31: 15-20 – found an elevated risk of brain tumour (OR=2.2 (0.5-9.3)). (buerg)

Karasek, M., Woldanska-Okonska, M., Czernicki, J., Zylinska, K. and Swietoslawski, J., 1998: “Chronic exposure to 2.9 mT, 40 Hz magnetic field reduces melatonin concentrations in humans”. J Pineal Research 25(4): 240-244. (buerg)

Katkov VF, Pavlovskii VF, Poltavchenko GM (1992) [“Dynamics of calmodulin in cerebral structures under the action of modulated UHF electromagnetic fields”][Article in Russian] Biull Eksp Biol Med Jul;114(7): 52-54. (Pilette)

Kato M, Homna KI, Shigemitsu T & Shiga Y 1993. Effects of exposure to a circularly polarized 50-Hz magnetic field on plasma and pineal melatonin levels in rats. Bioelectromag 14:97-106. (Anselmo) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8494560               

Kato M, Honma K, Shigemitsu T & Shiga Y 1994. Circularly polarized 50 Hz magnetic field exposure reduces pineal gland melatonin and blood concentrations of Long-Evans rats. Neuroscience Letters 166: 59-62. (Anselmo)

Katsouyanni K and Pershagen G, “Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Cancer”, Cancer Causes and Control 1997; 8 284-291 – risk assessment based on increased exposure to air pollution via corona ion effects. (revolt)

Kavet R, Zaffanella LE, Daigle JP, Ebi KL, “The possible role of contact current in cancer risk associated with residential magnetic fields”, Bioelectromagnetics 2000; 21(7):538-53 – This paper presents data suggesting that contact current due to “open circuit voltage” (VOC) is an exposure that may explain the reported associations of residential magnetic fields with childhood leukemia.

Kazakova LG, Svetlova S Yu., Subbotina TI, Yashin AA, Morphological and biophysical analysis of bone marrow blood production in rats under the influence of low-intensity electromagnetic EHF radiation. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologiy VI(3-4):38-41,1999.70 – Suppression of blood formation in rats, all the way to aplastic condition of the red bone marrow. (ussr)

Keetley V, Wood AW, Spong J, Stough C (2006) Neuropsychological sequelae of digital mobile phone exposure in humans, Neuropsychologia 44(10): 1843-1848. (Pilette)

Kesari KK, Behari J. 2009. Fifty-gigahertz microwave exposure effect of radiations on rat brain. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 158(1): 126-139 CrossRef, Medline. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12010-008-8469-8 (nrc) NOVO 170603

Kesari KK, Behari J. (2010a Sep) Microwave exposure affecting reproductive system in male rats. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 162(2): 416-428 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12010-009-8722-9 (nrc) NOVO 170603

Kesari KK, Behari J, Kumar S. (2010b Nov) Mutagenic response of 2.45 GHz radiation exposure on rat brain. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 86(4): 334-343 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09553000903564059?journalCode=irab20 vi aqui: http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/A10-018?src=recsys#.WTLUZcm1ugQ NOVO 170603

Khadra, Abu; K. M., Khalil, A. M., Abu Samak, M., & Aljaberi, A. (2015). Evaluation of selected biochemical parameters in the saliva of young males using mobile phones. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 34(1), 72–76. (Clegg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24499288

Khaili, A.M. and Qassem, W., 1991: “Cytogenetic effects of pulsing electromagnetic field on human lymphocytes in vitro: chromosome aberrations, sister-chromatid exchanges and cell kinetics”. Mutat Res 247: 141-146 – reports significant chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to 50 Hz fields. (buerg)

Kheifets LI, Afifi A, Buffler P & Zhang Z 1995. Occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and brain cancer: a meta-analysis. J Occup Env Med 37:1327-1341. (Anselmo)

Khramov, R.N. & Zubin, M.I. (1989) Influence of EHF EMR on dynamics of development in vitro of implanted mouse embryos. Fundamental and Applied aspects of Use of mm Electromagnetic Radiation in Medicine, Proceedings of the 1st All-Union Symposium with International Participation (10-13 May1989, Kiev). Kiev: VNK “Otklik, ” 1989, pp. 165-166. (avaate table 4 nr. 5) in russian

Khurana, V.G., Teo, C., Kundi, M. et al. (2009): Cell phones and brain tumors: a review including the long-term epidemiologic data, Surg Neurol 72: 205-214. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19328536 vi aqui: https://einarflydal.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/signifikanterruckgangemf.pdf  NOVO 170603

Khurana V.G., Hardell L., Everaert J., Bortkiewicz A., Carlberg M., Ahonen M., (2010), Epidemiological evidence for a health risk from mobile phone base stations, International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health,16(3), pp 263-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20662418 vi aqui: www.ipublishing.co.in/ijesarticles/twelve/articles/…/EIJES3215.pd… “eight of the 10 studies reported increased prevalence of adverse neurobehavioral symptoms or cancer in populations living at distances < 500 meters from base stations”
Kirk JH, Reese ND, Bartlett PC (1984) Stray voltage on Michigan dairy farms, J Am Vet Med Assoc Aug 15; 185(4): 426-428. (Pilette)

Kirk JH, Reese ND, Bartlett PC (1984) Stray voltage on Michigan dairy farms, J Am Vet Med Assoc Aug 15; 185(4): 426-428. (Pilette) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6469841 When the voltage exceeded 1 volt alternating current, there were increased numbers of dairy cows that had abnormal behavior in the milking facility and increased prevalence of clinical mastitis

Kirschvink J, Padmanabha S, Boyce C, Oglesby J (1997) Measurement of the threshold sensitivity of honeybees to weak, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields, J Exp Biol 200 (Pt 9): 1363 -1368. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9319256 the sensitivity of the honeybee magnetoreception system decreases rapidly with increasing frequency (Pilette)

Kittel A, Siklos L, Thuroczy G, Somosy Z (1996) Qualitative enzyme histochemistry and microanalysis reveals changes in ultrastructural distribution of calcium and calcium-activated ATPases after microwave irradiation of the medial habenula, Acta Neuropathol (Berl.) Oct; 92(4):362-368. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8891068 microwave irradiation can influence neuronal calcium homeostasis (Pilette)

K1vrak, Elfide Gizem; K1ymet Kübra Yurt, Arife Ahsen Kaplan, I_1nsu Alkan, and Gamze Altun (2017) Effects of electromagnetic fields exposure on the antioxidant defense system J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2017 Oct-Dec; 5(4): 167–176. Published online 2017 Aug 2. doi: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.07.003 PMCID: PMC6025786  PMID: 30023251″Exposure to EMF is known to increase free radical concentrations”

Klitzing, L. Von, 1995: “Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields influence EEG of man”. Physica Medica XI (2) April-June 1995, pp77-80 – showed the cell phones alter the human EEG and interfere with REM sleep. Impairment of REM sleep is associated with memory and learning difficulties. (buerg) www.emf-portal.org/en/article/596

Koivisto M, Krause CM, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hamalainen H (2000) The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory, Neuroreport Jun 5;11(8): 1641-1643. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10852216 results suggest that RF fields have a measurable effect on human cognitive performance (Pilette)

Kolbun, N.D. & Sit’ko S.P. (1987) Sensory indications by the human body of EHF-range electromagnetic radiation. Mechanisms of Biological Action of Electromagnetic Radiation: Proceedings of the Pushchino Symposium, 27-31 October 1987, 202 pp. (avaate table 4 nr. 23)

Kolmodin-Hedman B, Mild KH, Jonsson E, Andersson M-C, Eriksson A (1988) Health problems among operators of plastic welding machines and exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Int Arch Occup Environ Health 60(4): 243-247 – Increased rates of paraesthesia in hands, neurasthenia and eye complaints, using 27 MHz  plastic welders and sewing machines. (buerg)

Kolodynski  and Kolodynska (1996) Sci Total Environ 180(1):87-93 – school children who lived in front of a radio station had less developed memory and attention, their reaction time was slower, and their neuromuscular apparatus endurance was decreased. (Lai)

Kolomytseva MP.  (2002) Suppression of nonspecific resistance of the body under the effect of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation of low intensity. Biofizika. 2002 Jan-Feb;47(1):71-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11855293
vi em http://stopsmartmeters.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/A-5G-Wireless-Future-SCCMA-Final-revised-51017ZZ-PDF.pdf  (175 adicionado à lista)

Korall, H., Leucht, T., & Martin, H. (1988). Bursts of magnetic fields induce jumps of misdirection in bees by a mechanism of magnetic resonance. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 162(3), 279284. doi: 10.1007/BF00606116. “Magnetic field (MF) bursts at a frequency of 250 Hz oriented parallel to the fieldlines of the EMF induce unequivocal “jumps” of misdirection of up to +10°.” http://www.springerlink.com/content/v6406173767q7445/ Comment: Artificial magnetic fields bursts caused changes in bees orientation ability. (emfr)

Korotkov Iu.S, Burenkova LA, Burenkov MS, Pichugin V.Iu (2000) [The impact of electromagnetic radiation at microwave frequency (9.8 HhZ) on the embryonic and postembryonic development of the tick Hyalomna asiaticum (Acarina, Ixodidae)] [Article in Russian] Med Parazitol (Mosk) Jan-Mar; (1): 38-42. (Pilette)

Koyama S, Isozumi Y, Suzuki Y, Taki M, Miyakoshi J (2004) Effects of 2.45-GHz electromagnetic fields with a wide range of SARs on micronucleus formation in CHO-K1 cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2004; 4: 29-40 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/11393 (portal1)

Koylu H et al, (2006) Melatonin modulates 900 Mhz microwave-induced lipid peroxidation changes in rat brain, Toxicol Ind Health 2006 Jun;22(5):211-6 (pwt)

Koyu, A., Naziroglu, M. and Ozguner, F. et al. (2005) Caffeic acid phenethyl ester modulates 1800 MHz microwave-induced oxidative stress in rat liver. Electromagnetics in Biology and Medicine 24, 135-142. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15368370500253787 (Koylu)

Kramarenko AV, Tan U (2003) Effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on human EEG: a brain mapping study, Int J Neurosci  Jul;113(7):1007-1019. (Pilette)

Krause CM, Sillanmaki L, Koivisto M, Haggqvist A, Saarela C, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hamalainen H (2000a) Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the EEG during a memory task, Neuroreport Mar 20; 11(4):761-764. (Pilette)

Krause CM, Sillanmaki L, Koivisto M, Haggqvist A, Saarela C, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hamalainen H (2000b) Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the electroencephalogram during a visual working memory task, Int J Radiat Biol Dec; 76(12):1659-1667. (Pilette)

Krause CM, Haarala C, Sillanmaki L, Koivisto M, Alanko K, Revonsuo A, Laine M, Hamalainen H (2004) Effects of electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on the EEG during an auditory memory task: a double blind replication study, Bioelectromagnetics Jan; 25(1): 33-40. (Pilette)

Krause C et al (2006) Mobile phone effects on children’s event-related oscillatory EEG during an auditory memory task, Int J Radiat Biol 2006 Jun;82(6):443-50 (pwt)

Krause CM et al (2007) Effects of pulsed and continuous wave 902 MHz mobile phone exposure on brain oscillatory activity during cognitive processing., Bioelectromagnetics 2007 May;28(4):296-308 (pwt)

Krause D, Mullins JM, Penafiel LM, Meister R, Nardone RM (1991) Microwave exposure alters the expression of 2-5A-dependent RNase, Radiat Res Aug;127(2):164-170. (Pilette)

Kraut, A., Tate, R. and Tran, N.M., 1994: “Residential electric consumption and childhood cancer in Canada (1971-1986)”. Arch Environ Health 49(3): 156-159 – Canada, Provincial Residential Electric Consumption (REC), childhood brain cancer significantly increases with REC in a dose-response manner. (buerg)

Krewski D, Byus CV, Glickman BW, Lotz WG, Mandeville R, McBride ML, Prato FS, Weaver DF. 2001 Potential health risks of radiofrequency fields from wireless telecommunication devices. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 4: 1-143. DOI: 10.1080/10937400121067 this body of data suggests that ELF-modulated RF radiation may effect Ca efflux from brain tissue

Kryukov, V.I., Subbotina,T.I. & Yashin, A.A. (1998) Norms adaptation and the placebo effect when exposing a human organism to electro magnetic EHF radiation. Vestnik novyk hmeditsinskikh tekhnologiy 5(2):15-17,1998. (avaate table 4 nr. 1) 

Kubinyi G, Thuroczy G, Bakos J, Boloni E, Sinay H, Szabo Ld (1996) Effect of continuous-wave and amplitude-modulated 2.45 GHz micro-wave radiation on the liver and brain aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases of in utero exposed mice, Bioelectromagnetics 17(6):497-503. (Pilette)

Kumar S1, Behari J, Sisodia R. (2012) Impact of microwave at X-band in the aetiology of male infertility. Electromagn Biol Med. 2012 Sep;31(3):223-32. doi: 10.3109/15368378.2012.700293. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897403  vi aqui: dr-jamieson—revised-presentation.pdf “microwave exposure could adversely affect male fertility”

Kumar G, Gupa N, Sinha NK. (2018) Mobile phone users and its effect of hearing in terms of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 7(52):5520-5523. Dec. 24, 2018. DOI:10.14260/jemds/2018/1222. https://jemds.com/abstract.php?at_id=16414 The study concludes that the use of mobile phones can cause damage to the Outer Hair Cells (OHCs) in the Cochlea especially in the basal turn which may impair hearing in long term use (Mosko

Kundi M, Mild K, Hardell L, Mattsson MO (2004) Mobile telephones and cancer-a review of epidemiological evidence, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev Sep-Oct; 7(5):351-384. (Pilette) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15371240?dopt=Abstract

Kuznetsov VI, Iurinskaia MM, Kolomytkin OV, Akoev IG (1991) [Action of microwaves with different modulation frequencies and exposure times on GABA receptor concentration in the cerebral cortex of rats] [Article in Russian] Radiobiologiia Mar-Apr; 31(2) 257-260. (Pilette)

Kwee et al. Electro- and Magnetobiology  20: 141-152, 2001 – 20 minutes of cell phone RFR exposure at 0.0021 W/kg increased stress protein in human cells. (Lai)


L

(início)

Lagroye, I, and Poncy J.L., 1998: “Influences of 50 Hz magnetic fields and ionizing radiation on c-jun and c-fos oncoproteins”. Bioelectromagnetics 19(2): 112-116 – 50/60 Hz signals altered c-jun and c-fos gene expression. (buerg)

Lahijani MS, Ghafoori M (2000) Teratogenic effects of sinusoidal extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields  on morphology of 24 hr chick embryos, Indian J Exp Biol Jul; 38(7): 692-699. (Pilette)

Lahijani MS, Sajadi K (2004) Development of preincubated chicken eggs following exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields with 1.33-7.32 mT flux densities, Indian J Exp Biol Sep; 42(9): 858-865. (Pilette)

Lai H, Horita A, Guy AW (1994) Microwave irradiation affects radial-arm maze performance in the rat, Bioelectromagnetics 15(2): 95-104. (Pilette)

Lai H and Singh NP (1995) Acute low-intensity microwave exposure increases DNA single-strand breaks in rat brain cells, Bioelectromagnetics Vol 16, pp 207-210 – They observed single and double strand breaks in a dose-response manner, and identified the involvement of free radicals and the protective effect of melatonin. (buerg)

Lai H, Singh NP (1996) Single- and double-strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells after acute exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation, Int J Rad Bio 69 (4): 513-521 – They observed single and double strand breaks in a dose-response manner, and identified the involvement of free radicals and the protective effect of melatonin. (buerg)

Lai H, Singh NP (1997a) Melatonin and N-tert-butyl-a-phenylnitrone Block 60 Hz magnetic field-induced DNA single- and double-strands Breaks in Rat Brain Cells, J Pineal Res 22:152-162 – showed that ELF and microwave exposures involve free radical damage of DNA-strands. (buerg)

Lai H, Singh NP (1997b) Melatonin and Spin-Trap compound Block Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation-induced DNA Strands Breaks in Rat Brain Cells. Bioelectromagnetics 18:446-454 – showed that ELF and microwave exposures involve free radical damage of DNA-strands. (buerg)

Lai H, Singh NP (2004a) Magnetic-Field-induced DNA Strand Breaks in Brain Cells of the Rat, Environ Health Persp May; 112(6):687-94

Lai  H (2004b) Interaction of microwaves an a temporally incoherent magnetic field on spatial learning in the rat, Physiol Behav Oct 15; 82(5): 785-789. (Pilette)

Lamech F. (2014) Self-reporting of symptom development from exposure to radiofrequency fields of wireless smart meters in victoria, australia: a case series. Altern Ther Health Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;20(6):28-39. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lamech%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=25478801 “smart meters may have unique characteristics that lower people’s threshold for symptom development”

Lancranjan I, Maicanescu M, Rafaila E, Klespsch I, Popescu HI (1975) Gonadic function in workmen with long-term exposure to microwaves, Health Physics 29(3): 381-383 – studied 31 young men, average age 33 yr, with long-term (mean 8 yr) exposure to microwaves. This investigation showed a high frequency of libido decrease and sexual dynamic disturbances in the framework of asthenic syndrome (70% of subjects) as well as various alterations of spermatogenesis (p<0.001) in 74% of the subjects. Exposures were to frequencies in the range of tens to hundreds of µW/cm², and hence were non-thermal. (buerg)

Larsen AI, Olsen J, Svane O (1991) Gender specific reproductive outcome and exposure to high frequency electromagnetic radiation among physiotherapists, Scand J Work Environ Health Vol.17, pp 324-329 – observed very few boys, and many more perinatal deaths, premature births and low birthweight children for therapists using shortwave diathermy. (buerg)

Lebedeva et al. (2000) Crit Rev Biomed Eng, 28(1-2):323-337 – brain wave activation was observed in human subjects exposed to cellular phone RFR at 0.06 mW/cm2. (Lai)

Lebedeva NN, Sulimov AV, Sulimova OP, Korotkovskaya TI, Gailus T (2001) Investigation of brain potentials in sleeping humans exposed to the electromagnetic field of mobile phones, Crit Rev Biomed Eng 29(1):125-133. (Pilette)

Lee JS, Ahn SS, Jung KC, Kim YW & Lee SK 2004. Effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic field exposure on testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice. Asian J Androl 6:29-34. (Anselmo)    

Lerchl A, Nonaka KO, Stokkan KA & Reiter RJ 1990. Marked rapid alterations in nocturnal pineal serotonin metabolism in mice and rats exposed to weak intermittent magnetic fields. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 169:102-108. (Anselmo)       

Lerchl A, Krüger H, Niehaus M, Streckert JR, Bitz AK, Hansen V. 2008. Effects of mobile phone electromagnetic fields at nonthermal SAR values on melatonin and body weight of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). J. Pineal Res. 44(3): 267-272 CrossRef, Medline. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00522.x/abstract (nrc) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18339122

Lerchl; Alexander; Melanie Klose, Karen Grote, Adalbert F.X. Wilhelm, Oliver Spathmann, Thomas Fiedler, Joachim Streckert, Volkert Hansen, Markus Clemens (2015) Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humans. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Volume 459, Issue 4, 17 April 2015, Pages 585-590 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X15003988 “Numbers of tumors of the lungs and livers in exposed animals were significantly higher than in sham-exposed controls”

Lester, J.R., and Moore, D.F., 1982a: “Cancer incidence and electromagnetic radiation”. Journal of Bioelectricity, 1(1):59-76. (buerg)

Lester, J.R., and Moore, D.F., 1982b: “Cancer mortality and air force bases”. Journal of Bioelectricity, 1(1):77-82. (buerg)

Lester, J.R., 1985: “Reply to: Cancer mortality and air force bases, a reevaluation”. Journal of Bioelectricity, 4(1):129-131. (buerg)

Leszczynski D, Joenvaara S, Reivinen J, Kuokka R (2002) Non-thermal activation of the hsp27/p38MAPK stress pathway by mobile phone radiation in human endothelial cells : molecular mechanism for cancer- and blood-brain barrier-related effects, Differentiation May; 70(2-3):120-129. (Pilette)

Leszczynski D, Nylund R, Joenvaara S, Reivinen J (2004) Applicability of discovery science approach to determine biological effects of mobile phone radiation, Proteomics Feb; 4(2):426-431. (Pilette)

Levitt & Lai (2010) Biological Effects from Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by Cell Tower Base Stations and Other Antenna Arrays, Environmental Reviews, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233593841_Biological_effects_from_exposure_to_electromagnetic_radiation_emitted_by_cell_tower_base_stations_and_other_antenna_arrays This review of 100 studies found approximately 80% showed biological effects near towers. “Both anecdotal reports and some epidemiology studies have found headaches, skin rashes, sleep disturbances, depression, decreased libido, increased rates of suicide, concentration problems, dizziness, memory changes, increased risk of cancer, tremors, and other neurophysiological effects in populations near base stations.” (eht)

Li, C.M., Chiang, H., Fu, Y.D., Shao, B.J., Shi, J.R. and Yao, G.D., 1999: “Effects of 50Hz magnetic fields on gap junction intercellular communication”. Bioelectromagnetics 20(5):290-294 – showed that 50 Hz fields in TPA treated cells produce a significant dose-response decrease in gap junction communication with magnetic fields of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mT. (buerg)

Li C-Y, Gilles Thériault G & Lin RS 1997. Residential exposure to 60-Hertz magnetic fields and adult cancers in Taiwan. Epidemiology 8:25-30. (Anselmo)

Li (De-Kun), Jeannette R. Ferber, Roxana Odouli & Charles P. Quesenberry Jr (2012) A Prospective Study of In-utero Exposure to Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Obesity, Scientific Reports 2, Article number: 540 http://www.nature.com/srep/2012/120727/srep00540/full/srep00540.html

Liburdy RP et al (1993) ELF Magnetic Fields, Breast Cancer and melatonin. (revolt)

Lilienfeld, A.M., Tonascia, J., and Tonascia S., Libauer, C.A., and Cauthen, G.M., 1978: “Foreign Service health status study – evaluation of health status of foreign service and other employees from selected eastern European posts”. Final Report (Contract number 6025-619073) to the U.S. Dept of State, July 31, 1978 – United States Embassy in Moscow: Radar RF/MW exposure, Males Working in the Embassy SMR = 20 (2.4-72.2) , p<0.01 n=2. This paper is widely claimed to show no effects when its data does show significant adverse human health effects, including neurological, cardiac and cancer effects and includes a significant dose-response relationship for rates of sickness as a function of years in Moscow. (buerg)

Lin RS, Dischinger PC, Conde J et al., 1985: “Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and the occurrence of brain tumors”, J Occup Med, 27: 413-419 – Fifty cases of glioma and astrocytoma were observed among electrical workers exposed to EMR compared to an expected number of 18, i.e. an risk ratio of 2.8. (buerg)

Lin H, Blank M, Jin M, Goodman R. 1996. Electromagnetic field stimulation of biosynthesis: Changes in c-myctranscript levels during continuous and intermittent exposures. Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 39:215±220. doi.org/10.1016/0302-4598(95)05040-X https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030245989505040X Results showed an increase in transcript levels for c-myc peaks after 20 min of exposure

Lin JC. (2019) Memory Function and Cell Phone Microwave Exposure in Youngsters [Health Matters]. IEEE Microwave Magazine. 20(2):16-20. Feb 2019. DOI: 10.1109/MMM.2018.2880498 significant decreases in figural memory (Mosko)

Lindbohm, M-L,, Hietanen, M., Kyyronen, P., Sallmen, M., von Nandelstadh, P., Taskinen, H., Pekkarinen, M., Ylikoski, M. and Hemminki, K., 1992: “Magnetic fields of video display terminals and spontaneous abortion”. Am J Epidemiol 136:1041-1051 – observed a dose-response relationship between the level of exposure to VDTs and miscarriage. VDTs also emit RF radiation. (buerg)

Linet MS et al. 1997. Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. N Engl J Med 337:1-7. (Anselmo)

Linet MS, Taggart T, Severson RK, Cerhan JR, Cozen W, Hartge P, Colt J (2006) Cellular telephones and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Int J Cancer Nov 15;  119(10): 2382-2388. (Pilette)

Lisi A, Ledda M, Rosola E, Pozzi D, D’Emilia E, Giuliani L, Foletti A, Modesti A, Morris SJ, Grimaldi S (2006) Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure promotes differentiation of pituitary corticotrope-derived AtT20 D16V cells. Bioelectromagnetics. 2006 Dec;27(8):641-51. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16838272

Litovitz TA, Krause D, Penafiel M, Elson EC, Mullins JM (1993) The role of coherence time in the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity, Bioelectromagnetics 14(5): 395-403. (Pilette)

Liu X et al 2003 – Evaluation of radiation damage to the sperm DNA of radar operators Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 9(7):494-6,500 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14628594 vi aqui: https://www.powerwatch.org.uk/rf/radar.asp?pf=1 Sperm motility, viability of the highly exposed group reduced compared with that of the lowly exposed group and control group, while sperm abnormality increased

Liu C, Gao P, Xu SC, Wang Y, Chen CH, He MD, Yu ZP, Zhang L, Zhou Z. (2013) Mobile phone radiation induces mode-dependent DNA damage in a mouse spermatocyte-derived cell line: a protective role of melatonin. Int J Radiat Biol. 2013 Nov;89(11):993-1001. vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks

London, S.J., Thomas, D.C., Bowman, J.D., Sobel, E., Cheng, T.C. & Peters, J.M.; Exposure to Residential Electric and Magnetic Fields and Risk of Childhood Leukemia. Am. J. of Epidemiology Vol 134, No.9, pp. 932 Nov 1, 1991 – Los Angeles children with leukemia received 48% more exposure to EMFs above 2.65 mG than a control group. (Guru)

Lonn S et al, (2004) Mobile phone use and the risk of acoustic neuroma, Epidemiology 2004 Nov; 15(6):653-9 (pwt)

Loomis, D.P. and Savitz, D.A., 1990: “Mortality from brain cancer and leukaemia among electrical workers”. Br J Ind Med 47(9): 633-638 – United States, 16 States (Mortality) Electrical engineers and technicians OR = 2.7 (2.1-3.4). (buerg)

Loomis, D.P., Savitz, D.A., and Ananth, C.V., 1994: “Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States”. J. Natl. Cancer Institute 86(12): 921-925 – found significant increases in Female Breast Cancer in Electrical Workers. (buerg)

Loomis D, Kromhout H, Kleckner R & Savitz D 1998. Effects of the analytical treatment of exposure data on association of cancer and occupational magnetic field exposure. Am J Ind Med 34:49-56. (Anselmo)

Lopez-Martin E, Relova-Quinteiro JL, Gallego-Gomez R, Peleteiro-Fernandez M, Joge-Barreiro FJ, Ares-Pena FJ (2006) GSM radiation triggers seizures and increases cerebral c-Fos positivity in rats pretreated with subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin, Neurosci Letter May 1; 398(1-2):139-144. (Pilette)

Löscher W, Mevissen M, Lehmacher W & Stamm A 1993. Tumor promotion in a breast cancer model by exposure to a weak alternating magnetic field. Cancer Letters 71:75-81. (Anselmo)      

Löscher W, Mevissen M, Lehmacher W & Stamm A 1994. Effects of weak alternating magnetic fields on nocturnal melatonin production and mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Oncology 51:288-295. (Anselmo)   

Löscher W & Liburdy RP 1998a. Animal and cellular studies on carcinogenic effects of low frequency (50/60-Hz) magnetic fields. Mutat Res 410: 185-220. (Anselmo) 

Löscher, W. and Käs, G., 1998b: “Conspicuous behavioural abnormalities in a dairy cow herd near a TV and radio transmitting antenna”. Prakt. Tierarzt 79(5): 437-444 [In German]. [Practical Veterinary Surgeon 79(5): 437-444.] – The significant bovine behavioural effects of extremely low RF exposure (Stark 1997) is confirmed. (buerg)

Lotfi SA. (2011) Effect of electromagnetic radiation emitted from a mobile phone station on biochemical and histological structure of some rat organs. Isotope & Rad. Res (2011); 43(1):95-103. https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:44029336 long term exposure of mobile phones station (EMR) induced harmful effects on blood parameter and histological structure of liver, kidney and testes tissues of rats

Lotz WG, Rinsky RA, Edwards RD (1995) Occupational exposure of police officers to microwave radiation from traffic radar devices. Cincinatti, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; 1995. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nioshtic-2/00227694.html  we determined that there was one specific cancer, testicular cancer, that was of greatest concern for police officers using traffic radar devices.

Loughran SP, Wood AW, Barton JM, Croft RJ, Thompson B, Stough C (2005) The effect of electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones on human sleep, Neuroreport Nov 28; 16(17):1973-1976. (Pilette)

Lowden A, Nagai R, Åkerstedt T, Hansson Mild K, Hillert L.(2019) Effects of evening exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by 3G mobile phones on health and night sleep EEG architecture. J Sleep Res. 2019 Jan 15:e12813. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12813. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30648318 power spectrum analyses showed a reduction of activity within the slow spindle range (11.0-12.75 Hz) (Mosko)

Lukashevsky K. & Belyaev I.Ya. (1990) Switching of prophage λ genes in E. coli by millimetre waves. Med. Sci. Res. 1990; 18: 955-957. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280013621_Switching_of_prophage_lambda_genes_in_Escherichia_coli_by_millimetre_waves  results suggest that millimetre EMR directly affects the  dynamic interaction of the DNA with λ. repressor protein (STOA)

Luben RA, Saraiya S and Morgan AP (1996) Replication of 1.2 microtesla EMF Effects on Melatonin Responses of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells in vitro. (revolt)

Lucena ACT, Anselmo CWSF, Oliveira IM, Filho MB & Catanho MTJA 2002. Effects of 60 Hz Electric Magnetic Field on the Immune System in the Wistar Rats, pp. 837-845. Biological Effects of EMFs 2nd International Workshop, v.II Rhodes, Greece. (Anselmo)

Lushnikov KV, Gapeev AB, Sadovnikov VB, Cheremis NK (2001) [“Effect of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation of low intensity on parameters of humoral immunity in healthy mice”] [Article in Russian] Biofizika Jul-Aug; 46(4):753-760. (Pilette)

Luukkonen J, Hakulinen P, Mäki-Paakkanen J, Juutilainen J, Naarala J. 2009. Enhancement of chemically induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by 872 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Mutat. Res. 662: 54-58 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19135463?dopt=Abstract (nrc) NOVO 170603

Lyle DB, Schechter P, Adey WR, Lundak RL (1983) Suppression of T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity following exposure to sinusoidally amplitude-modulated fields, Bioelectromagnetics 4(3): 281-292. (Pilette)

Lyle DB, Fuchs TA, Casamento JP, Davis CC, Swicord ML (1997) Intracellular calcium signaling by Jurkat T-lymphocytes exposed to a 60 Hz magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics 18(6):439-445. (Pilette)


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Maby E, Le Bouquin Jeannes R, Liegeois-Chauvel C, Gourevitch B, Faucon G (2004) Analysis of auditory evoked potential parameters in the presence of radiofrequency fields using a support vector machines method, Med Biol Eng Comput Jul; 42(4):562-568. (Pilette)

Maby E, Le Bouquin Jeannes R, Faucon G, Liegeois-Chauvel C, De Seze R (2005) Effects of GSM signals on auditory evoked responses, Bioelectromagnetics Jul;26(5): 341-350. (Pilette)

Maby E, Jeannes R Le B, Faucon G (2006) Scalp localization of human auditory cortical activity modified by GSM electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol Jul;82(7):465-472. (Pilette)

Mack, W., Preston-Martin, S. & Peters, J.; Astrocytoma Risk Related to Job Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields. Bioelectromagnetics 12:57-66, 1991 – An increased number of large astrocytes appeared in the brains of rabbits reared in substations. Human astrocytoma (an infrequent brain cancer) occurs ten times more often in those occupationally exposed to magnetic fields than in controls. (Guru)

Maes A, Verschaeve L, Arroyo A, De Wagter C, Vercruyssen L (1993) In vitro cytogenetic effects of 2450 Mhz waves on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, Bioelectromagnetics 14(6): 495-501. (Pilette)

Maes A, Collier M, Slaets D, Verschaeve L (1996) 954 MHz microwaves enhance the mutagenic properties of mitomycin C, Environ Mol Mutagen 28(1):26-30. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)28:1<26::AID-EM6>3.0.CO;2-C (Pilette)

Magone I (1996) The effect of electromagnetic radiation from the Skrunda Radio Location Station on Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden cultures, The Science of the Total Environment Vol 180, pp 75-80 – Chromosome and reproductive damage in plants exposed RF/MW in the range 0.042 to 6.6 µW/cm². (buerg)

Magras, I.N. and Xenos, T.D., 1997: “RF radiation-induced changes in the prenatal development of mice”. Bioelectromagnetics, 18: 455-461 – Results range from testicular degeneration, resorption of the fetus and altered body weight at high but non-thermal levels of exposure to total infertility in multigenerational studies of mice exposed to 0.168 µW/cm² and 1.053 µW/cm². Responding to health concerns among residents living in the vicinity of an RF transmission tower in Greece, by placing groups of mice at various locations in relation to the tower. The mice fertility was monitored over several generations and related to the RF exposure. The Low exposure group (0.168 µW/cm²) became infertile after 5 generations and the High exposure group (1.053 µW/cm²), became infertile after only 3 generations. This is a highly significant result because so few multi-generation studies have been done and the effects of this study occur at extremely low levels and the effect is total infertility. (buerg)

Maier R, Greter SE, Schaller G, Hommel G (2004a) [The effects of pulsed low-level EM fields on memory processes][Article in German] Z Med Phys 14(2):105-112. (Pilette)

Maier R, Greter SE, Maier N (2004b) Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on cognitive processes – a pilot study on pulsed field interference with cognitive regeneration, Acta Neurol Scand Jul; 110(1): 46-52. (Pilette) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15180806

Maier R, Greter SE, Maier N (2004) Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on cognitive processes – a pilot study on pulsed field interference with cognitive regeneration, Acta Neurol Scand Jul; 110(1): 46-52. (Pilette)

Malinina ES, Mikhailenok EL, Suvorov NB, Bogdanov OV, Vasilevskii NN (1991) [The effect of microwaves on the neuronal activity of the hyperstriatum in chick embryos at the critical developmental period] [Article in Russian] Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol May-Jun; 27(3): 320-324. (Pilette)

Mancinelli F, Caraglia M, Abbruzzese A, D’ambrosio G, Massa R, Bismuto E (2004) Non-thermal effects of electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency on the refolding of an intracellular protein : myoglobin, J Cell Biochem, Sep 1;93(1):188-196. (Pilette)

Mann K, Roschkle J (1996) Effects of pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields on human sleep, Neuropsychobiology 33: 41-47 –  showed the cell phones alter the human EEG and interfere with REM sleep. Impairment of REM sleep is associated with memory and learning difficulties. (buerg)

Mann et al. (1998) Effects of pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields on the neuroendocrine system, Neuroendocrinology 67(2):139-144 – a transient increase in blood cortisol was observed in human subjects exposed to cellular phone RFR at 0.02 mW/cm2. Cortisol is a hormone involved in stress reaction. (Lai)

Mann K, Roschke J (2004) Sleep under exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields, Sleep Med Rev Apr; 8(2): 95-107. (Pilette)

Manti L, Braselmann H, Calabrese ML, Massa R, Pugliese M, Scampoli P, Sicignano G, Grossi G (2008) Effects of modulated microwave radiation at cellular telephone frequency (1.95 GHz) on X-ray-induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes in vitro. Radiat Res 2008; 169 (5): 575-583 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/15911 a small but statistically significant increase in the frequency of X-ray-induced chromosome exchanges per cell was observed (portal1)

Marinelli et al. J Cell Physiol. 198(2):324-332, 2004 – exposure to 900-MHz RFR at 0.0035 W/kg affected cell’s self-defense responses. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14603534 exposure to 900 MHz continuous wave, induces an early self-defense response triggered by DNA damage (Lai)

Marino AA, Berger TJ, Austin BP, Becker RO & Hart FX 1977. In vivo bioelectrochemical change associated with exposure to extremely low frequency electric fields. Physiol Chem Phys 9:433. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/613333 Biological effects observed included depressed body weights, serum corticoids, and water consumption (Anselmo)

Marjanovic Cermak, A.M., Pavicic, I. and Trosic, I. (2018) Oxidative stress response in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to short-term 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation. J. Environ. Sci. Health A Tox. Hazard Subst. Environ. Eng. 2018; 53(2): 132-138 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29148897 The results of our study showed enhanced susceptibility of SH-SY5Y cells for development of oxidative stress even after short-term RF exposure (Stefi 2019.pdf)

Marki DI (1980) Research conducted in the USSR in the field of biological action of EHF radiation, IEEE, 68(1): 96-104 – Kidney cells change in morphology, destruction of membranes, degeneration of protoplasm, reduction of viability. (ussr)

Markkanen, A., J. Juutilainen, and J. Naarala. 2008. Pre-exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields modifies menadione-induced DNA damage response in murine L929 cells. Int J Radiat Biol 84 (9):742-51. vi aqui: sec20_2012_Findings_in_Autism_Consistent_with_EMF_and_RFR.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18821388  “magnetic fields as low as 100 microT has measurable impacts on cancer-relevant cellular processes such as DNA-damage.”

Markova  E, Hillert L, Malmgren L, Persson BR, Belyaev IY (2005) Microwaves from GSM mobile telephones affect 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Environ Health Perspect Sep;113(9): 1172-1177. (Pilette)

Marks TA, Ratke CC, English WO (1995) Stray voltage and developmental, reproductive and other toxicology problems in dogs, cats and cows: a discussion, Vet Hum Toxicol Apr; 37(2): 163-172. (Pilette)

Martirosyan VN, Baghdasaryan & AyrapetyanS (2013) Bidirectional frequency dependent effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field on E.coliK-12. Electromagn.Biol.Med (2013); 32(3):291-300. DOI:10.3109/15368378.2012.712587 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23046211 EMF at 4 Hz exposure has pronounced stimulation while at 8 Hz it has inhibited cell proliferation

Mashevich, Maya; Folkman, Dan; Amit Kesar; Alexander Barbul; Rafi Korenstein; Eli Jerby; Lydia Avivi. Exposure of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to electromagnetic fields associated with cellular phones leads to chromosomal instability. Bioelectromagnetics Volume 23; pages 82-90. 2003. DOI: 10.1002/bem.10086 (Dode) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12524674 “exposure to RF radiation of average SAR values of 2.6–8.8 W/kg may lead to a carcinogenic activity”

Maskarinec G and Cooper J, 1993: “Investigation of a childhood leukemia cluster near low-frequency radio towers in Hawaii”. SER Meeting, Keystone, Colorado, June 16-18, 1993. Am. J. Epidemiology, 138:666, 1993 – in 1985 an unusual number of children with leukaemia were identified living in the vicinity of broadcasting facilities (OR = 3.4: CI=0.70­ -16.41) (buerg)

Maskarinec, G. Cooper, J., Swygert, L., (1994): “Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukemia near radio towers in Hawaii: Preliminary observations”J. Environ Pathol Toxicol and Oncol 13: 33-37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7823291  vi aqui: http://canterbury.cyberplace.co.nz/ouruhia/ “significant increase”

Massot O et al. 2000. Magnetic field desensitizes 5-HT1B receptor in brain: pharmacological and functional studies. Brain Research 858:143-150. (Anselmo)

Matanoski, G.M. (1989) Cancer incidence in New York telephone workers, Poster at contractors review meeting. Portland, OR, Nov 15, 1989 (Guru)

Matanoski, G.M. (1991) Electromagnetic field exposure and male breast cancer. Lancet Vol 337: pp 737, Mar 23, 1991 – New York telephone cable splicers received a mean daily EMF exposure of 4.3 mG (milligauss). They had 111% more colon cancer, 165% more leukemia, 100% more brain cancer and 145% more prostate cancer than controls. (Guru)

Matanoski GM1, Elliott EA, Breysse PN, Lynberg MC. (1993) Leukemia in telephone linemen. Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Mar 15;137(6):609-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8470662

Mattos, I.E. and Koifman, S., 1996: “Cancer mortality among electricity utility workers in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil”. Rev Saude Publica 30(6):564-575. (buerg)

McDowall ME 1983. Leukemia mortality in electrical workers in England and Wales. Lancet (i):246. (Anselmo)

Mcdowall ME (1986) mortality of persons resident in the vicinity of electricity transmission facilities, Br J Cancer 53: 271-279 (revolt)

McLauchlan KA 1992. Are environmental magnetic fields dangerous? Phys World January, 41-45. (Anselmo)

— Medical-biological aspects of low-intensity mm radiation: Collection of scientific works. (1987) N. D. Devyatkov, ed. Moscow: AN SSSR IRE, 1987, 280 pp. (avaate table 4 nrs. 18, 19)

Méndez AC et al. 1992. Effecto de las radiaciones electromagneticas no ionizantes sobre la imunidad humoral y celular em trabajadores expuestos. Ver Cub Méd Militar 21(2):85-92. (Anselmo)

Meo, Sultan Ayoub et al (2015) Association of Exposure to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Radiation (RF-EMFR) Generated by Mobile Phone Base Stations (MPBS)with Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, doi: 10.3390/ijerph121114519 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283726472_Association_of_Exposure_to_Radio-Frequency_Electromagnetic_Field_Radiation_RF-EMFR_Generated_by_Mobile_Phone_Base_Stations_with_Glycated_Hemoglobin_HbA1c_and_Risk_of_Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus Elementary school students who were exposed to high RF-EMFR generated by base stations had a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus relative to their counterparts who were exposed to lower RF-EMFR. (eht)

Michelozzi, P., Ancona, C., Fusco, D., Forastiere, F. and Perucci, C.A., 1998: “Risk of leukamia and residence near a radio transmitter in Italy”. ISEE/ISEA 1998 Conference, Boston Mass. Paper 354 P., Abstract in Epidemiology 9(4):S111 – leukemia mortality within 3.5 km (5,863 inhabitants) near a high power radio-transmitter in a peripheral area of Rome was higher than expected. (Lai; buerg)

Michelozzi et al.  Am J Epidemiol 155(12):1096-1103, 2002 – childhood leukemia higher at a distance up to 6 km from a radio station. (Lai)

Mild, K.H., Oftedal, G., Sandstrom, M., Wilen, J., Tynes, T., Haugsdal, B. and Hauger E., 1998: “Comparison of symptoms by users of analogue and digital mobile phones – A Swedish-Norwegian epidemiological study”. National Institute for working life, 1998:23, Umea, Sweden, 84pp – cell phone users exhibit a significant dose response increase in neurological symptoms, including dizziness, memory loss, loss of concentration and headaches. (buerg)

Milham S 1982. Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. NEJM 307:249. (Anselmo)

Milham S (1985) Mortality in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields, Env Health Persp 62:297-300. – studied cancer rates in 486,000 adult male workers who were in occupations in Washington State which had potential exposures to electromagnetic fields. This showed elevated and significantly elevated cancer rates in many body organs. (buerg)

Milham, S., 1988: “Increased mortality in amateur radio operators due to lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies”. Am. J. Epidemiology, Vol 127, No.1, pp 50-54 – studied 67,829 amateur radio operators in Washington State and California. (buerg)

Milham, S., 1996: “Increased incidence of cancer in a cohort of office workers exposed to strong magnetic fields”. Am. J. Ind. Med. 30(6): 702-704 – United States, office workers, transformer fields SIR = 389 (156-801) N=410. (buerg)

Milham S & Ossiander EM, 2001, “Historical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood leukemia peak”, Medical Hypotheses Mar; 56(3):290-5. (pwt)

Miller, A.B., To T., Agnew, D.A., Wall, C. and Green L.M., 1996: “Leukemia following occupational exposure to 60-Hz electric and magnetic fields among Ontario electric utility workers”. Am J Epidemiol 144(2):150-160 – Ontario Hydro male employees (Adjusted ORs); Brain Tumour Mod. Field OR = 1.27 (0.32-5.41); High Field OR = 1.33 (0.52 -10.8) Both show trends; Benign Brain Mod. Field OR = 5.38 (0.42-69.3); Tumour High Field OR = 5.64 (0.3-105). (buerg)

Miller AB, Morgan LL, Udasin I, Davis DL. (2018) Cancer epidemiology update, following the 2011 IARC evaluation of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (Monograph 102). Available online Sep 6, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.043 Increased risk of brain, vestibular nerve and salivary gland tumors are associated with mobile phone use. (eht)

Minasyan, S.M., Grigoryan, G.Y., Saakyan, S.G. et al. (2007) Effects of the action of microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation on the spike activity of neurons in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus in rats. Neurosci Behav Physiol February, Volume 37, Issue 2, pp 175–180 doi.org/10.1007/s11055-007-0165-6 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11055-007-0165-6#citeas Statistically significant changes in the mean spike frequencies of neuron populations

Mitchell DS, Switzer WG, Bronaugh EL. 1977. Hyperactivity and disruption of operant behavior in rats after multiple exposure to microwave radiation. Radio Sci. 12: 263-271 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/RS012i06Sp00263/abstract (nrc) NOVO 170603

Mollerlokken OJ & BE Moen (2008) Is fertility reduced among men exposed to radiofrequency fields in the Norwegian Navy? Bioelectromagnetics 29(5):345-52 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18240289 increased risk of infertility among tele/communication odds ratio (OR = 1.72, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.85), and radar/sonar odds ratio (OR = 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.27-4.09) (pwt-radar)

Monfrecola G, Moffa G, Procaccini EM (2003) Non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations, emitted by a cellular phone, modify cutaneous blood flow, Dermatology 207 (1):10-14. (Pilette)

Montenegro EJN, Dantas MC, Hirakawa PRTR, Castro RM & Castro CMMB 2003. Efeito dos campos eletromagnéticos não ionizantes no sistema imune, [Portuguese] Anais da Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 48(2):148-151. (Anselmo)

Moore, Richard L. (1979) Biological effects of magnetic fields: studies with microorganisms. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 25(10):1145-51 · November 1979 DOI: 10.1139/m79-178 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23014603_Biological_effects_of_magnetic_fields_studies_with_microorganisms “Growth could be stimulated or inhibited depending upon the field strength and frequency of the pulsed magnetic field.”

Mora CV, Davison M, Wild JM, Walker MM (2004) Magnetoreception and its trigeminal mediation in the homing pigeon. Nature 2004; 432 (7016): 508-511 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15565156 (portal) NOVO 170607

Morgan LL, Miller AB, Sasco A, Davis DL. (2015) Mobile phone radiation causes brain tumors and should be classified as a probable human carcinogen (2A) Int J Oncol. 2015 May; 46(5):1865-71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25738972 NOVO 170610

Moszczynski P, Lisiewicz J, Dmoch A, Zabinski Z, Bergier L, Rucinska M and Sasiadek U, 1999: “The effect of various occupational exposures to microwave radiation on the concentrations of immunoglobulins and T lymphocyte subsets”. Wiad Lek 52(1-2):30-34 – observed increased IgG and IgA and decreased lymphocytes and T8 cells in TV signal exposed workers. (buerg)

Murphy JC, Kaden DA, Warren J, Sivak A (1993) International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. Power frequency electric and magnetic fields: a review of genetic toxicology. Mutat Res. 1993 Mar;296(3):221-40. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7680105?dopt=Abstract (Koylu)

Myers, A., Clayden, A.D., Cartwright, R.A. & Cartwright, S.C.; Childhood cancer and overhead powerlines: a case-control study. Br. J. Cancer Vol 62(6), pp. 1008-1014, Dec. 1990 – An 115% increase in lung cancer death was noted in among British persons living within 14 meters of electrical installations. (Guru)

Myung SK, Ju W, McDonnell DD, Lee YJ, Kazinets G, Cheng CT, Moskowitz JM (2009) Mobile phone use and risk of tumors: a meta-analysis. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.21.6366 Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 33 (November 20 2009) 5565-5572. https://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.2008.21.6366 vi aqui Part 1 Joel Moskowitz, PhD- Cell Phones, Brain Cancer and Public Health https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pr9Z0WeGtDk Mobile phone use of 10 years or longer was associated with a risk of tumors in 13 studies reporting this association (odds ratio = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34)


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Naarala J, Kesari KK, McClure I, Chavarriaga C, Juutilainen J, Martino CF (2017) Direction-Dependent Effects of Combined Static and ELF Magnetic Fields on Cell Proliferation and Superoxide Radical Production. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:5675086. pmid:28497056 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2017/5675086/ Cytosolic superoxide level was increased by a horizontal 50 Hz, 30 μT magnetic field

Nakamura, H., Seto,T., Nagase, H., Yoshida, M., Dan, S. and Ogina, K., 1997: “Effects of exposure to microwaves on cellular immunity and placental steroids in pregnant rats. Occup Environ Med 54(9): 676-680 – Rats exposed to microwaves showed a significant reduction in splenic activity of natural killer (NK) cells. (buerg)

Nam KC, Kim SW, Kim SC, Kim DW (2006) Effects of RF exposure of teenagers and adults by CDMA cellular phones, Bioelectromagnetics Oct; 27(7): 509-514. (Pilette)

— National Radiobiological Protection Board 1992. Electromagnetic fields and the risk of cancer: Report of an Advisory Group on Non-ionizing Radiation. Chilton, UK, Documents 3(1) – found increased brain tumours and leukaemia in electrical workers in G Britain. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140712232401/http://www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb&HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1253205587805 ?? the experimental studies revealing a possible association between electromagnetic field exposure, melatonin synthesis and breast cancer were considered to be potentially important (Anselmo)

— National Toxicololy Program [NTP] (2018) Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies in Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD Rats Exposed to Whole-Body Radio Frequency Radiation at a Frequency (900 MHz) and Modulations (GSM and CDMA) Used by Cell Phones. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/results/pubs/longterm/reports/longterm/tr500580/listedreports/tr595/index.html clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of GSM-modulated cell phone RFR at 900 MHz

Navakatikian and Tomashevskaya (1994) “Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Volume 1,” D.O. Carpenter (ed) Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp.333-342. 1994 – RFR at low intensities (0.01 – 0.1 mW/cm2; 0.0027- 0.027 W/kg) induced behavioral and endocrine changes in rats. Decreases in blood concentrations of testosterone and insulin were reported. (Lai)

— Naval Medical Research Institute Research Report [NMRI], June 1971. Bibliography of Reported Biological Phenomena (“Effects”) and Clinical Manifestations Attributed to Microwave and Radio-Frequency Radiation. Report No. 2 Revised. (Pall) http://www.stetzerizer-us.com/research-Naval-Medical-Research-Institute-Outline.html an outline of the effects which have been attributed to radio frequency and microwave radiation is part of the report.

Navarro EA, Segura J, Portoles M, Gomez-Perretta De Mateo C (2003) The microwave syndrome: A preliminary study in Spain, Electromagn Biol Med 22(1): 161-169. (Pilette)

Navarro EA, Gomez-Perretta C, Montes F. (2016) Low intensity magnetic field influences short-term memory: A study in a group of healthy students. Bioelectromagnetics. 2016 Jan;37(1):37-48. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26661640

Neubauer C, Phelan AM, Kues H, Lange DG (1990) Microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex, Bioelectromagnetics 11(4): 261-268. (Pilette)

Neufeld E, Kuster N. (2018) Systematic Derivation of Safety Limits for Time-Varying 5G Radiofrequency Exposure Based on Analytical Models and Thermal Dose. Health Phys. Sep 21. DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000930 The results also show that the peak-to-average ratio of 1,000 tolerated by the International Council on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines may lead to permanent tissue damage after even short exposures (eht)

Nielsen C, Hui R, Lui WY, Solov’yov IA. (2019) Towards predicting intracellular radiofrequency radiation effects. PLoS One. 2019 Mar 14;14(3):e0213286. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213286. Open access paper: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213286 Recent experiments have reported an effect of weak radiofrequency magnetic fields in the MHz-range on the concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells (Mosko)

Nikitina HG & Andrienko LG (1989) “Condition of reproductive functions in experimental animals under the influence of electromagnetic radiation of mm waves”, Fundamental and Applied aspects of Use of mmElectromagnetic Radiation in Medicine, Proceedings of the 1st All-Union Symposium with International Participation (10-13 May, Kiev). Kiev: VNK “Otklik,” pp. 288-289 – The reproductive functions of experimental animals were studied under the influence of millimeter wave EMR: EFD of 60, 25 and 10 μW/cm2, irradiation for four months. Under EFD of 60 μW/cm2, disturbance of female cycles; reduction in fertility, number and weight of offspring; increase in postnatal deaths of the rat pups by a factor of 2.5; and dystrophic changes in the reproductive organs of the animals were noted. (ussr)

Nikolova T, Czyz J, Rolletschek A, Blyszczuk P, Fuchs J, Jovtchev G, Schuderer J, Kuster N, Wobus AM (2005) Electromagnetic fields affect transcrip levels of apoptosis-related genes in embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, FASEB J Oct; 19(12):1686-1688. (Pilette)

Nilsson, R., Hamnerius, Y., Mild, K.H., Hannson, H-A., Hjelmqvist, E., Olanders, S., and Persson, L.I., 1989: ” Microwave effects on the central nervous system – a study of radar mechanics”. Health Physics, Vol 56 (5), pp 777-779 – Increased protein band in CSF in exposed group or radar mechanics. (buerg)

Nittby H, Grafström G, Tian DP, Malmgren L, Brun A, Persson BR, Salford LG, Eberhardt J. 2008. Cognitive impairment in rats after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 29(3): 219-232 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bem.20386/abstract (nrc)

Nittby H., Brun A., Eberheardt J., Malmgren L., Persson B. R. R., Salford L. G., (2009), Increased blood brain barrier permeability in mammalian brain 7 day after exposure to the radiation from GSM- 900 mobile phone, Pathophysiology, 16(2-3), pp 103-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.01.001. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19345073 vi aqui: www.ipublishing.co.in/ijesarticles/twelve/articles/…/EIJES3215.pd… “GSM exposure results in disruption of the BBB permeability, with remaining, observable effects 7 days after the exposure occasion”

Nordenson, I., Mild, K.H., Nordstrom, S., Sweins, A. and Birke, E., 1984: “Clastogenic effects in human lymphocytes of power frequency electric fields”. Radiat Environ Biophys 23(3): 191-201. (buerg)

Nordenson, I., Mild, K.H., Ostman, U. and Ljungberg, H., 1988: “Chromosome effects in lymphocytes of 400 kV-substation workers”. Radiat Environ Biophys 27(1): 39-47 – found significant chromosome aberrations in 400 kV-substation workers and with 50 Hz exposures to peripheral human lymphocytes. (buerg)

Nordenson, I., Mild, K.H., Andersson, G., and Sandstrom, M., 1994: “Chromosomal aberrations in human amniotic cells after intermittent exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields”. Bioelectromagnetics 15(4):293-301. (buerg)

Nordstrom, S., Birke, E. and Gustavsson, L., 1983: “Reproductive hazards among workers at high voltage substations”. Bioelectromagnetics, 4(1): 91-101 – observed a significant decrease in “normal” pregnancies in high voltage substations in Sweden, almost exclusively as a result of congenital malformations when the father was a high voltage switchyard worker. (buerg)

Novoselova et al. (1999) Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 49(1): 37-41 – low intensity RFR (0.001 mW/cm2) affects functions of the immune system. (Lai)

Nylund R, Leszczynski D (2004) Proteomics analysis of human endothelial cell line E.A.hy926 after exposure to GSM 900 radiation, Proteomics May; 4(5): 1359-1365. (Pilette)

Nylund R, Leszcynski D, (2006) Mobile phone radiation causes changes in gene and protein expression in human endothelial cell lines and the response seems to be genome- and proteome-dependent, Proteomics 2006 Sep; 6(17):4769-80 (pwt)


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Oberfeld, G., Navarro, A.E., Portoles, M., Maestu, C., and Gomez-Perretta, C. 2004. The microwave syndrome − further aspects of a Spanish study. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Kos, Greece, 4–8 October 2004. http://www.apdr.info/electrocontaminacion/Documentos/Investigacion/ESTUDOS%20EPIDEMIOLOXIDOS%20E%20ANTENAS/The%20Microwave%20Syndrome%20-%20Further%20Aspects%20of%20a%20Spanish%20Study.pdf  (nrc)

Odaci E. et al. (2008), Effects of exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on the dentate gyrus: a stereological and histopathological study. Brain Research, 1238, 224-229. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.013 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18761003 vi aqui: dr-jamieson—revised-presentation.pdf

Oftedal G, Wilen J, Sandstrom M, Mild KH (2000) Symptoms experienced in connection with mobile phone use. Occup Med 50(4):237–245. doi.org/10.1093/occmed/50.4.237 31% of the respondents in Norway had experienced at least one symptom in connection with MP use

Oktay MF, Dasdag S (2006) Effects of intensive and moderate cellular phone use on hearing function, Electromagn Biol Med 25(1):13-21. (Pilette)

Olin R, Vagero D, Ahlbom A (1985) Mortality experience of electrical engineers. Br J Ind Med 42: 211–212 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1007454/?page=1
vi aqui: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-84068-5_12

Olsen, J.H., Nielson, A. and Schulgen, G., 1993: “Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children”. BMJ 307:891-895 – Children, >0.4 µT Significantly increased cancer, including CNS tumours. (buerg)

Oscar KJ, Hawkins TD (1977) Microwave alteration of the blood-brain barrier system of rats, Brain Res May 6; 126(2) 281-293. (Pilette)

Oscar KJ, Gruenau SP, Folker MT,  Rapoport SI (1981) Local cerebral blood flow after microwave exposure, Brain Res Jan 5; 204(1): 220-225. (Pilette)

Ouellet-Hellstrom, R. and Stewart, W.F., 1993: “Miscarriages among Female Physical Therapists who report using radio- and microwave- frequency electromagnetic radiation.” Am J Epidemiol, 138 (10): 775-86 – In a case-controlled study 1,753 cases were matched with 1,753 controls with results showing that pregnancies of mothers reporting microwave use 6 months prior to the pregnancy or during the first trimester were more likely to result in miscarriage.  The odds ratio also increased with increasing levels of exposure. They observe a significant dose-response increase in first trimester miscarriage for female therapists using microwave diathermy. Following the Bradford Hill guidance, this is indicative of a cause and effect relationship. (buerg)

Ozguner FI, Dindar H, Yagmurlu A, Savas C, Gokcora HI, Yucesan S (2002) The effect of electromagnetic on undescended testis after orchiopexy. International Urology and Nephrology(2002) ; 33:87-93. DOI:10.1023/A:1014473407519 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12090347 EMF stimulation resulted in Leydig cell proliferation, increase in testosterone level, testis weight, but decrease in germ cell population

Ozguner F, Altinbas  A, Ozaydin M, Dogan A, Vural H, Kisioglu AN, Cesur G, Yildirim NG (2005) Mobile phone-induced myocardial oxidative stress: protection by a novel antioxidant agent caffeic acid phenethyl ester, Toxicol Ind Health Oct;21(9): 223-230. (Pilette)


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(início)

Pacini S, Ruggiero M, Sardi I, Aterini S, Gulisano F, Gulisano M (2002) Exposure to global system for mobile communication (GSM) cellular phone radiofrequency alters gene expression, proliferation, and morphology of human skin fibroblasts, Oncol Res ;13(1): 19-24. (Pilette)

Papageorgiou CC, Nanou ED, Tsiafakis VG, Kapareliotis E, Kontoangelos KA, Capsalis CN, Rabavilas AD, Soldatos CR (2006) Acute mobile phone effects on pre-attentive operation, Neurosci Lett Apr 10-17; 397 (1-2): 99-103. (Pilette)

Pakhomov et. al. (1998) Current state and implications of research on biological effects of millimeter waves: a review of the literature. Bioelectromagnetics 19(7):393-413.“This paper analyzes general trends in the area and briefly reviews the most significant publications, proceeding from cell-free systems, dosimetry, and spectroscopy issues through cultured cells and isolated organs to animals and humans.The studies reviewed demonstrate effects of low-intensity MMW (10 mW/cm2 and less) on cell growth and proliferation, activity of enzymes, state of cell genetic apparatus, function of excitable membranes, peripheral receptors, and other biological systems. In animals and humans, local MMW exposure stimulated tissue repair and regeneration, alleviated stress reactions, and facilitated recovery in a wide range of diseases (MMW therapy). Many reported MMW effects could not be readily explained by temperature changes during irradiation.” (eht)

Pall ML (2013) Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med. 2013 Aug;17(8):958-65. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcmm.12088/full (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23802593

Pall, Martin L. (2014) Microwave electromagnetic fields act by activating voltage-gated calcium channels: why the current international safety standards do not predict biological hazard. Recent Res. Devel. Mol. Cell Biol. 7 “It can be seen from the above that 10 different well-documented microwave EMF effects can be easily explained as being a consequence of EMF VGCC (voltage-gated calcium channels) activation: oxidative stress, elevated single and double strand breaks in DNA, therapeutic responses to such EMFs, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, cancer, melatonin loss, sleep dysfunction, male infertility and female infertility.” (eht)

Pall, Martin L. (2015) Scientific evidence contradicts findings and assumptions of Canadian Safety Panel 6: microwaves act through voltage-gated calcium channel activation to induce biological impacts at non-thermal levels, supporting a paradigm shift for microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic field action. Published Online: 2015-04-16 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2015-0001 https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/reveh.2015.30.issue-2/reveh-2015-0001/reveh-2015-0001.xml Two U.S. government reports from the 1970s to 1980s provide evidence for many neuropsychiatric effects of non-thermal microwave EMFs, based on occupational exposure studies. 18 more recent epidemiological studies, provide substantial evidence that microwave EMFs from cell/mobile phone base stations, excessive cell/mobile phone usage and from wireless smart meters can each produce similar patterns of neuropsychiatric effects, with several of these studies showing clear dose–response relationships. (eht)

Pall ML (2016) Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016 Sep;75(Pt B):43-51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26300312 (Pall)

Pall, Martin L (2018) Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environmental Research Volume 164, July 2018, Pages 405-416 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300355 “Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health”

Panagopoulos D et al, (2004) Effect of GSM 900-MHz Mobile Phone radiation on the reproductive capacity of Drosophila melanogaster, Electromagn Biol Med 23(1): 29-43. GSM mobile phones (speaking emission) decreases the reproductive capacity of the insect by 50%–60% (pwt)

Panagopoulos D et al, (2006) Cell death induced by GSM 900-MHz and DCS 1800-MHz mobile telephony radiation, Mutat Res 2006 Oct 10 Induced cell death is recorded for the first time, in all types of cells constituting an egg chamber (pwt)

Panagopoulos, Dimitris J.; Evangelia D. Chavdoula, Andreas Karabarbounis and Lukas H. Margaritis (2007) ‘Comparison of Bioactivity Between GSM 900 MHz and DCS 1800 MHz Mobile Telephony Radiation’, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 26:1, 33 – 44 DOI: 10.1080/15368370701205644 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15368370701205644 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17454081 both types of mobile telephony radiation decrease considerably insect reproduction

Pandey N, Giri S, Das S, Upadhaya P (2017) Radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz)-induced DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in testicular germ cells in swiss albino mice. Toxicol Ind Health. 2017 Apr;33(4):373-384. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27738269
vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks  180203

Park, R.M., Silverstein, M.A., Green, M.A. and Mirer, F.E., 1990: “Brain cancer mortality at a manufacture of aerospace electrochemical systems”. Am J Ind Med 17(5): 537-552 – Aerospace electromechanical workers, all workers PMR = 4.2 (p<0.0001) n=583. For hourly workers with up to 20 years of work PMR = 8.7 (p=0.000003). (buerg)

Park et al. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 77(6):387-394, 2004 – higher mortality rates for all cancers and leukemia in some age groups in the area near the AM radio broadcasting towers. (Lai)

Paulraj R, Behari J, Rao AR (1999) Effect of amplitude modulated RF radiation on calcium ion efflux and ODC activity in chronically exposed rat brain, Indian J Biochem Biophys Oct;36(5):337-340. (Pilette)

Paulraj R, Behari J (2004) Radiofrequency radiation effects on protein kinase C activity in rats brain, Mutat Res Jan.12; 545 (1-2):127-130. (Pilette)

Paulraj R, Behari J (2006) Single strand DNA breaks in rat brain cells exposed to microwave radiation, Mutat Res Apr.11; 596(1-2): 76- 80. (Pilette)

Pearce NE, Sheppard RA, Howard JK, Fraser J & Lilley BM 1985. Leukemia in electrical workers in New Zealand. Lancet i:811. (Anselmo)

Pearce N, Reif J, Fraser J (1989) Case-control studies of cancer in New Zealand electrical workers, Int J Epidemiol 18(1): 55-59 – New Zealand, electrical workers, radio and TV repair OR = 7.86 (2.2-28.1) n=2. (buerg)

Penafiel L.M. et al. (1997) Role of modulation on the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 1997; 18: 132-141. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291521-186X%281997%2918%3A2%3C132%3A%3AAID-BEM6%3E3.0.CO%3B2-3  small but statistically significant enhancement in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity after 6 h of exposure (STOA)

Pérez-Castejón C, Pérez-Bruzón RN, Llorente M, Pes N, Lacasa C, Figols T, Lahoz M, Maestú C, Vera-Gil A, Del Moral A, Azanza MJ. 2009. Exposure to ELF-pulse modulated X band microwaves increases in vitro human astrocytoma cell proliferation. Histol. Histopathol. 24: 1551-1561 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19795354?dopt=Abstract (nrc)

Perry FS et al., “Environmental Power Frequency Magnetic Fields and Suicide”, Health Physics 1981; 41:267-277 – found a highly significant association between suicide and the exposure to magnetic fields from High Voltage Powerlines when above 0.4 mG. (Nexus 14(5))

Perry FS, Pearl L, “Health effects of ELF fields and illness in multi-storey blocks”, Public Health 1988 Jan; 102(1):11-18 – found that residents of an apartment block nearer to the main electrical supply cable, and to the corresponding higher magnetic field, were more likely to be admitted to the hospital both for depressive illness and myocardial infarction than residents of the same block living at a greater distance from the supply cable. (Nexus 14(5))

Perry S, Pearl L and Binns R, “Power Frequency Magnetic Field: Depressive Illness and Myocardial Infarction”, Public health 1989;103 177-180. (revolt)

Persson et al. Wireless Network 3:455-461, 1997 DOI: 10.1023/A:1019150510840 – reported an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in mice exposed to RFR at 0.0004 – 0.008 W/kg. The blood-brain barrier envelops the brain and protects it from toxic substances. (Lai)

Petrov, I.Yu. & Betskiy, O.V. (1984) Change in potentials of plasma membranes of green leaf cells during electromagnetic irradiation. DAN SSSR 305(2), 1984. (avaate table 4 nr 3)

Pfluger, D.M. and Minder, C.E., 1996: “Effects of 16.7 Hz magnetic fields on urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate excretion of Swiss railway workers”. J Pineal Research 21(2): 91-100. (buerg)

Phelan, A.M., Lange, D.G., Kues, H.A, and Lutty, G.A., 1992: “Modification of membrane fluidity in Melanin-containing cells by low-level microwave radiation”. Bioelectromagnetics, 13: 131-146 – Microwaves were observed to enhance free radicals in cell membranes. (buerg)

Phelan AM, Neubauer CF, Timm R, Neirenberg J, Lange DG, “Athermal alterations in the structure of the canalicular membrane and ATPase activity induced by thermal levels of microwave radiation”, Radiat Res 137(1):52-58, 1994

Philips J.L., Singh N.P., Lai H., (2009), Electromagnetic fields and DNA Damage, Pathophysiology, 16, pp 79-88. DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.11.005 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264461 “there are many examples of biological effects resulting from low-level (athermal) RFR [radiofrequency radiation] exposure”

Phillips et al. Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 45:103-110, 1998a – reported DNA damage in cells exposed to RFR at SAR of 0.0024 – 0.024 W/kg. (Lai)

Phillips, J.L., Campbell-Beachler, M., Ivaschuk, O., Ishida-Jones, T. and Haggnen, W., 1998b: “Exposure of molt-4 lymphoblastoid cells to a 1 g sinusoidal magnetic field at 60 Hz”. In: Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from Generation, Delivery and Use of Electricity, W/L Associated Ltd, Frederick, MD – exposed Molt-4 T-lymphoblastoid cells to a number of cell phone technologies in the exposure range SAR = 0.0024W/kg to 0.026W/kg. At both of these exposure levels they observed significantly increased DNA damage (p<0.0001) for one cell phone and decreased damage for three cell phone signals. (buerg)

Pilla AA (2012) Electromagnetic fields instantaneously modulate nitric oxide signaling in challenged biological systems. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Sep 28;426(3):330-3. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22940137

Pleskov VM, Suvorov NB, Vasilevskii NN (1990) [The effect of microwave irradiation on the peroxide modification of low density lipoproteins in human blood serum][Article in Russian] Radiobiologiia  Sep-Oct; 30(5): 675-678. (Pilette)

Polonga-Moraru et al. (2002) Bioelectrochemistry 56(1-2):223-225 – change in membrane of cells in the retina (eye) after exposure to RFR at 15 µW/cm2. (Lai)

Poole C, Kavet R, Funch DP, Donelan K, Charry JM, Dreyer NA (1993) Depressive Symptoms and Headaches in Relation to Proximity of Residence to an Alternating-Current Transmission Line Right-of–way, Am J Epidemiol 137, 318-330. (revolt)

Porcelli M, Cacciapuoti G, Fusco S, Massa R, D’ambrosio G, BertoldoC, De Rosa M, Zappia V (1997) Non-thermal effects of microwaves on proteins: thermophilic enzymes as model system, FEBS Lett, Feb 3; 402(2-3):102-106. (Pilette)

Poulsen, Aslak Harbo; Egon Stenager, Christoffer Johansen, Joan Bentzen, Søren Friis, Joachim Schüz (2012) Mobile Phones and Multiple Sclerosis – A Nationwide Cohort Study in Denmark. PLOS, Published: April 30, 2012

Prasad M, Kathuria P, Nair P, Kumar A, Prasad K (2017) Mobile phone use and risk of brain tumours: a systematic review of association between study quality, source of funding, and research outcomes. Neurol Sci. 2017 May;38(5):797-810 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28213724 (portal)

Prausnitz, S. and Susskind, C., 1962: “Effects of chronic microwave irradiation on mice”. IRE Trans on Biomed. Elecron. 9: 104-108 – (1) Testicular degeneration (atrophy with no sperm) occurred in 29.8% (39/124) of the exposed animals and 7.1 % (4/56) of the control animals, RR = 4.2. (2) Cancer of the white cells or leukosis was seen in 26.5% (39/147) of the exposed animals compared to 13.0% (9/69) of the controls, RR= 2.04. This condition was described as monocytic or lymphatic organ tumours or myeloid leukaemia in the circulating blood. In these mice significant and severe (4.2-fold) testicular damage and a 2-fold increase in the initiation of leukaemia occurred is association with a mean exposure of 22 µW/cm². (buerg)

Preece AW, Iwi G, Davies-Smith A, Wesnes K, Butler S, Lim E, Varey A (1999) Effect of a 915-MHz simulated mobile phone signal on cognitive function in man, Int J Radiat Biol Apr; 75(4): 447-456. (Pilette)

Preece A et al (2005) Effect of 902 MHz mobile phone transmission on cognitive function in children, Bioelectromagnetics Suppl 7 S138-43 (pwt)

Preston-Martin S, Mack W, Henderson BE (1989) Risk factors for gliomas and meningiomas in males Los Angeles County, Cancer Research 49: 6137 – Electrical workers in Los Angeles county have a 4.3-fold increased risk of certain brain tumors. (buerg)

Preston-Martin, S., Lewis, S., Winkelmann R., Borman, B., Auld, J. and Pearce, N., 1993: “Descriptive epidemiology of primary cancer of the brain, cranial nerves, and cranial meninges in New Zealand, 1948-88”. Cancer Causes and Control 4(6): 529-538 – New Zealand, electrical workers Electricians OR = 4.6 (1.7-12.2) Electrical engineers OR = 8.2 (2.0 – 34). (buerg)

Pyrpasopoulou et al. Bioelectromagnetics 25(3):216-227, 2004 – exposure to cell phone radiation during early gestation at SAR of 0.0005 W/kg (5 µW/cm2) affected kidney development in rats. (Lai)


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Quan, R., Yang, C., Rubinstein, S., Lewiston, N.J., Sunshine, P., Stevenson, D.K. and Kerner, J.A., 1992: “Effects of microwave radiation on anti-infective factors in human milk”. Pediatrics 89(4):667-669 – Microwave heating reduces immune system factors in human breast milk, compared to conventional heating. Microwave heating significantly reduces the IgA for E coli bacteria, producing five times more E coli for 25ºC heating and 18 times more after 3 hours for 98ºC heating. (buerg)


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Ragy, Merhan (2014) Effect of exposure and withdrawal of 900-MHz-electromagnetic waves on brain, kidney and liver oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in male rats. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 34(4) · April 2014 DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2014.906446 ·EMR emitted from mobile phone led to a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significant decrease total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in brain, liver and kidneys tissues

Rao, S. and Henderson, A., 1996: “Regulation of c-fos is affected by electromagnetic fields”. J Cell Biochem 63(3): 358-365. (buerg)

Rao VS, Titushkin IA, Moros EG, Pickard WF, Thatte HS, Cho MR (2008) Nonthermal effects of radiofrequency-field exposure on calcium dynamics in stem cell-derived neuronal cells: elucidation of calcium pathways. Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):319-29. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18302487

Redmayne M, Johansson O. 2015 Radiofrequency exposure in young and old: different sensitivities in the light of age-relevant natural differences. Rev Environ Health 30: 323-335. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26613328

— REFLEX Report (2006) Risk Evaluation of Potential Environmental Hazards From Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Using Sensitive in vitro Methods. A project funded by the European Union under the programme “Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/1-4020-4278-7_22 “Participant 3: Our results imply a genotoxic action of RF-EMFs below proposed radiation safety levels” (pwt)

Reichmanis M, Perry FS, Marino AA, Becker RO (1979) Relation between Suicide and the Electromagnetic Field of Overhead Power Lines, Physiology Chemistry & Physics 11, 395-403. (revolt)

Reif JS, Lower KS and Ogilvie GK, “Residential Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Risk of Canine Lymphoma”, Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141: 352-359 – dogs exposed to EMF’s from overhead lines had an 80% greater risk of contracting cancer than the dogs that lived where the powerlines were buried.

Reiser H-P. et al. (1995) The influence of electromagnetic fields on human brain activity. Eur. J. Med. Res. 1995; 1: 27-32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9392690 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/13836771_The_influence_of_electromagnetic_fields_on_human_brain_activity_European_Journal_of_Medical_Research_1_27-32  increase in EEG power in the frequency bands Alpha2, Beta1 and Beta2 during and after field exposure (STOA)

Reiter, R.J., 1994: “Melatonin suppression by static and extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields: relationship to the reported increased incidence of cancer”. Reviews on Environmental Health. 10(3-4):171-86, 1994 DOI: 10.1515/REVEH.1994.10.3-4.171 – Induced alteration of cellular calcium ions of the pineal gland reduces the nocturnal production of melatonin (which increases the cell damage throughout the body, reduces the integrity and competence of the immune system, and hence increases the incidence of cancer and immune system related disease and degenerative diseases of the brain. (buerg)

Remondini D et al, (2006) Gene expression changes in human cells after exposure to mobile phone microwaves, Proteomics 2006 Sep;6(17):4745-54 (pwt)

Ren Y, Chen J, Miao M, Li DK, Liang H, Wang Z, Yang F, Sun X, Yuan W. (2019) Prenatal exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field and its impact on fetal growth. Environ Health. 2019 Jan 11;18(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12940-019-0447-9. Open access paper: https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-019-0447-9 Prenatal exposure to higher ELF-MF levels was associated with decreased fetal growth and birth weight in girls, but not in boys. (Mosko)

Repacholi MH, Basten A, Gebski V, Noonan D, Finnie J, Harris AW (1997) Lymphomas in E mu-Pim 1 transgenic mice exposed to pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fields, Radiat Res May;147(5): 631-640. (Pilette)

Repacholi MH 1998. Low-level exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: health effects and research needs. Bioelectromag 19:1-19. (Anselmo)

Ribeiro E et al, (2007) Effects of subchronic exposure to radio frquency from a conventional cellular telephone on testicular function in adult rats, J Urol 177(1): 395-399 (pwt)

Richter, Elihu D.; Tamar Berman, Eli Ben-Michael, Richard Laster & Jerome B. Westin (2000) Cancer in Radar Technicians Exposed to Radiofrequency/Microwave Radiation: Sentinel Episodes. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health Volume 6, 2000 – Issue 3 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/oeh.2000.6.3.187?src=recsys http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/oeh.2000.6.3.187?src=recsys&

Robinette, C.D., Silverman, C. and Jablon, S., 1980: “Effects upon health of occupational exposure to microwave radiation (radar)”. Am J Epidemiol, 112(1):39-53, 1980 – Navy, Korean War, FT/ET groups, RF/MW; For brain, eye and CNS RR = 1.66 (1.06-2.60) n=8. This paper is widely claimed to show no effects when its data does show significant adverse human health effects, including a significant dose-response relationship for respiratory cancer. (buerg)

Robison JG, Pendleton AR, Monson KO, Murray BK & O’Neill KL 2002. Decreased DNA repair rates and protection from heat induced apoptosis mediated by electromagnetic field exposure. Bioelectromag 23(2):106-112. (Anselmo)

Rodriguez M, Petitclerc D, Burchard JF, Nguyen DN, Block E (2004) Blood melatonin and prolactin concentrations in dairy cows exposed to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields during 8 h photoperiods, Bioelectromagnetics Oct; 25(7): 508-515. (Pilette)

Rogers, W.R., Reiter, R.J., Smith, H.D., Barlow-Walden, L. (1995): Rapid-onset/offset, variably scheduled 60 Hz electric and magnetic field exposure reduces nocturnal serum melatonin concentration in nonhuman primates, Bioelectromagnetics, Suppl 3: 119-122. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8787562 vi aqui: https://einarflydal.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/signifikanterruckgangemf.pdf

Roggeveen Suzanne, Os Jim van, Lousberg Richel (2015) Does the Brain Detect 3G Mobile Phone Radiation Peaks? An Explorative In-Depth Analysis of an Experimental Study. PLOS May 11, 2015   https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125390 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0125390

Röösli M, Lörtscher M, Egger M, et al. (2007) Mortality from neurodegenerative disease and exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields: 31 years of observations on Swiss railway employees, Neuroepidemiology, 2007 , vol. 28  4 (pg. 197 -206 ) doi.org/10.1159/000108111 https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/108111 This study suggests a link between exposure to ELF-MF and Alzheimer’s disease

Rosen, L.A., Barber, I. and Lyle D.B., 1998: “A 0.5 G, 60 HZ magnetic field suppresses melatonin production in pinealocytes”. Bioelectromagnetics 19: 123-127 doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1998)19:2<123::AID-BEM11>3.0.CO;2-R – the authors state that seven different laboratories have reported suppression of nighttime rise in pineal melatonin production in laboratory animals. They show that a 50 µT, 60 Hz field with a 0.06 µT DC field, over 10 experiments, averages a 46% reduction in melatonin production from pinealocytes. (buerg)

Rothman KJ, Loughlin JE, Funch DP, Dreyer NA. Overall mortality of cellular telephone customers. Epidemiology 7:303-305 (1996b) – shows significantly increased mortality from mobile phone usage, increasing in a dose response manner with years of usage. (buerg)

Roux, D., et al. (2007). High Frequency (900 MHz) low amplitude (5 V m1) electromagnetic Field: a genuine environmental stimulus that affects transcription, translation, calcium and energy charge in tomato. Planta. 227(4):88391. “Within minutes of electromagnetic stimulation, stress related mRNA (calmodulin, calciumdependent protein kinase and proteinase inhibitor) accumulated in a rapid, large and 3 phase manner typical of an environmental stress response.” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18026987 Comment: How GSM-exposure affects a plant, in this case a tomato. The effects were visible in protein changes and as a stress reaction. (emfr)


S

(início)

– – Sadetzki S, Chetrit A, Jarus-Hakak A, Cardis E, Deutch Y, Duvdevani S, Zultan A, Novikov I, Freedman L, Wolf M. (2008) Cellular phone use and risk of benign and malignant parotid gland tumors-a nationwide case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Feb 15;167(4):457-67. Epub 2007 Dec 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063591  vi aqui: http://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2011/01000/Risk_of_Parotid_Malignant_Tumors_in_Israel.25.aspx

Sagripanti, J. and Swicord, M.L., 1986: DNA structural changes caused by microwave radiation. Int. J. of Rad. Bio., %(1), pp 47-50, 1986 doi.org/10.1080/09553008614550431 – The first report that microwaves at non-thermal levels could produce single- and double-strand DNA breaks in E. Coli in solution.

Sagripanti JL, Swicord ML, Davis CC (1987) Microwave effects on plasmid DNA, Radiat Res May; 110(2):219-231. DOI: 10.2307/3576900 (Pilette)

Sahin D, Ozgur E, Guler G, Tomruk A, Unlu I, Sepici-Dinçel A, Seyhan N (2016) The 2100MHz radiofrequency radiation of a 3G-mobile phone and the DNA oxidative damage in brain. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016 Sep;75(Pt B):94-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26775761

Saili, Linda; Amel Hanini, Chiraz Smirani, Ines Azzouz, Amina Azzouz, Mohsen Sakly, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Zihad Bouslama (2015) Effects of acute exposure to WIFI signals (2.45 GHz) on heart variability and blood pressure in Albinos rabbit. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology Volume 40, Issue 2, September 2015, Pages 600-605 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1382668915300594

Sajin G. et al. (1997) Low power microwave effects on erythrocyte membranes. Proc. 27 th European microwave conference Vol. I, pp.596-599, 1997. DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1997.337866 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224691131_Low_Power_Microwave_Effects_on_Erythrocyte_Membranes  irradiation induces a significant hemoglobin loss due to transient permeabilisation of irradiated erythrocytes rather than to their lysis. (STOA)

Salford LG, Brun A, Sturesson K, Eberhardt JL, Persson BR (1994) Permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by 915 Mhz electromagnetic radiation, continuous wave and modulated at 8,16,50,and 200 Hz, Microsc Res Tech Apr 15; 27(6): 535-542. (Pilette)

Salford et al. Environ Health Persp Online January 29, 2003 – Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones signal at 0.02 W/kg. (Lai) Environ Health Perspect 2003 Jun;111(7):881-3; discussion A408 (pwt)

Salisbury, D.A., Band, PR., Threlfall W.J. and Gallagher, R.P., 1991: “Mortality among British Colombia pilots”. Aviat Space Environ Med 62(4):351-352 – Canada, British Colombia pilots, elevated PMRs for brain cancer and nervous system cancer. (buerg)

Sallam, Samira M (2012) The low frequency electromagnetic field on the rat EEG. JBPC Vol.3 No.3, August 2012 DOI: 10.4236/jbpc.2012.33026 https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=21940 Statistically significant effects of EMF were observed both in EEG amplitude and power reduction at most EEG frequencies

Sanchez S, Milochau A, Ruffie G, Poulletier De Gannes F, Lagroye I, Haro E, Surleve-Bazeille JE, Billaudel B, Lassegues M, Veyret B, “Human skin cell stress response to GSM-900 mobile phone signals”, FEBS J 2006  Dec; 273(24):5491-5507. (Pilette)

Sanders AP, Joines WT, Allis JW (1985) Effects of continuous-wave, pulsed, and sinusoidal-amplitude-modulated microwaves on brain energy metabolism, Bioelectromagnetics 6(1): 89-97. (Pilette)

Sandrey MA et al. 2002. Effect of short duration electromagnetic field exposures on rat mass. Bioelectromag 23(1):2-6. (Anselmo)

Sanjose, S., Roman, E. and Beral, V., 1991: “Low birthweight and preterm delivery, Scotland, 1981-1984: effect of parent’s occupation”. Lancet 338(8764): 428-431- found statistically significant (p<0.05) increases in low birth weight (RR = 1.4) and preterm delivery (RR = 1.8) for mothers who work in the electrical industry. (buerg)

Santana VS, Silva M, Loomis D (1999) Brain neoplasms among naval military men, Int J Occup Environ Health 5(2): 88-94 – Brazilian Naval Personnel, aged <56 yrs OR = 4.63 (2.54-8.45) n=40, unmarried men OR = 3.18 (1.69-5.99). (buerg)

Santini R, Seigne M, Bonhomme-Faivre L, Bouffet S, Defrasne E, Sage M (2001a) Symptomes rapportés par des utilisateurs de téléphones mobiles cellulaires, Pathol Biol  (Paris) Apr;49(3): 222-226. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0369811401001328 use of both cellular phones and VDT significantly (p < 0.05) increased concentration difficulty. Digital cellular phone users also significantly (p < 0.05) more often complained of discomfort, warmth, and picking on the ear (Pilette)

Santini R, Santini P, Seigne M, Danze JM (2001b) Symptômes exprimés par des riverains de stations relais de téléphonie mobile, Presse Med Nov 3; 30(32): 1594. (Pilette)

Santini R, Seigne M, Bonhomme-Faivre M, Bouffet S, Defrasne E, Sage M (2002a) Symptoms experienced by users of digital cellular phones: a study of a french engineering school, Electromagn Biol Med 21(1): 81-88. (Pilette)

Santini et al. (2002b) Enquête sur la santé de riverains de stations relais de téléphonie mobile : I/ Incidences de la distance et du sexe [Study of the health of people living in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations: I. Influence of distance and sex] Pathol Biol (Paris) 50(6):369-373 – increase in complaint frequencies for tiredness, headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, in people who lived within 300 m of mobile phone base stations. (Lai)

Santini R et al (2003) Enquête sur la santé de riverains de stations relais de téléphonie mobile : II/ Incidences de l’âge des sujets, de la duree de leur exposition et de leur position par rapport aux antennes et autres sources électromagnétiques [Symptoms experienced by people in vicinity of base stations: II/ Incidences of age, duration of exposure, location of subjects in relation to the antennas and other electromagnetic factors] Pathol Biol (Paris) Sep; 51(7):412-5 (pwt)

Sarimov et al. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 32:1600-1608, 2004 – GSM microwaves affect human lymphocyte chromatin similar to stress response at 0.0054 W/kg. statistically significant effect of 1-h exposure to MWs (Lai)

Sarkar, S., Sher, A., and Behari, J., 1994: “Effect of low power microwave on the mouse genome: A direct DNA analysis”. Mutation Research, 320: 141-147 doi.org/10.1016/0165-1218(94)90066-3 – Microwaves are shown to be associated with DNA breakage in rats brains. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7506381 rearrangement of DNA is observed consistently in all the exposed animals (buerg)

Sastre, A., Cook, M.R. and Graham, C., 1998: “Nocturnal exposure to intermittent 60 Hz magnetic fields alters human cardiac rhythm”. Bioelectromagnetics 19: 98-106 – observed significantly reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in volunteers sleeping in 60Hz fields. (buerg)

Sato, Y., Akiba, S., Kubo, O., Yamaguchi, N. (2011): A case-case study of mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma risk in Japan, Bioelectromagnetics 32(2): 85-93 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21225885 vi aqui: https://einarflydal.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/signifikanterruckgangemf.pdf A significantly increased risk was identified for mobile phone use for >20 min/day on average

Savitz, D.A., Wachtel, H., Barnes, F.A., John, E.M. and Tvrdik, J.G., 1988: “Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields”. Am J Epidemiol 128(1):21-38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3164167 the results encourage further examination of the carcinogenic potential from this form of nonionizing radiation (buerg)

Savitz, D.A., John, E.M. and Kleckner, R.C., 1990: “Magnetic field exposure from electric appliances and childhood cancer”. Am J Epidemiol 131(5):763-773 – increase in brain cancer in children , OR = 2.5 (1.1-5.5). (buerg)

Savitz, D.A., and Chen, J., 1990a: “Parental occupation and childhood cancer: Review of epidemiological studies”. Environ Health Perspect, 88: 325-337 Savitz and Chen (1990) show significant increased risk of childhood cancer (Neuroblastoma (OR=11.8*), Brain Tumour (OR=2.7*) and CNS tumors (OR=1.7)) associated with parents who work in electrical and electronic industries. (buerg)

Savitz, D.A., and Chen, J., 1990b: “Parental occupation and childhood cancer: Review of epidemiological studies”. Environ Health Perspect, 88: 325-337 Savitz and Chen (1990) show significant increased risk of childhood cancer (Neuroblastoma (OR=11.8*), Brain Tumour (OR=2.7*) and CNS tumors (OR=1.7)) associated with parents who work in electrical and electronic industries. (buerg) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1568023/?page=9

Savitz, .A. and Kaune, W.T., 1993: “Childhood cancer in relation to a modified residential wire code”. Environ Health Perspect 101(1): 76-80 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9310176 – Children, Wire Code OR = 2.5 (1.1-5.5). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8513768 High wire code yielded odds ratios of 1.9 for total cancers, 2.9 for leukemias and 2.5 for brain cancer (buerg)

Savitz DA, Boyle CA, Holmgreen P (1994) Prevalence of Depression Among Electrical Workers, Am J Ind Med 25, 165-177. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8147389 Data on electricians yielded indications of increased risk for several markers of depression (revolt)

Savitz DA, Loomis DP (1995) Magnetic field exposure in relation to leukemia and brain cancer mortality among electric utility workers, Am J Epidemiol 141(2): 123-34 – Significantly increased and dose-response increases of total Mortality, All Cancer, Leukaemia and Brain Tumour were found in US Utility Workers (1950-1988) and sub-set of occupations. (buerg)

Savitz, D.A., Olshan, A.F. and Gallagher, K., 1996: “Maternal occupation and pregnancy outcome”. Epidemiology 7: 269-274. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8728440 elevated risks also found sporadically for electrical equipment operators (buerg)

Savitz DA, Checkoway H, Loomis DP (1998a) Magnetic field exposure and neurodegenerative disease mortality among electric utility workers, Epidemiology 9(4):398-404 – Mortality from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was positively associated with duration of work in exposed jobs [rate ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.7-6.0. (buerg)

Savitz, D.A,, Loomis, D.P. and Tse, C.K., 1998b: “Electrical occupations and neurodegenerative disease: analysis of U.S. mortality data”. Arch Environ Health 53(1): 71-74. The largest associations with all three diseases occurred for power plant operators (buerg)

Savitz, D.A., Liao, D., Sastre, A., Klecjner, R.C., and Kavet, R., 1999: “Magnetic field exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality among electric utility workers”. Am. J. Epidemiology, 149(2): 135-142 – found a highly significant dose response relationship for mortality from Arrhythmia related heart disease and heart attack (Acute Myocardial Infarction) for exposed electrical occupations and for individual occupations of electrician, lineman and power plant operator. (buerg)

Scaiano JC, Cozens FL, McLean J & Thansandote A 1994. Application of the radical pair mechanism to free radicals in organized systems: can the effects of 60 Hz magnetic fields be predicted from studies under static fields? Bioelectromag 15:549-554. DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250150608 the effect of the 60-Hz MF on the radical yield is identical to that of a static field of the same strength (Anselmo)

Schirmacher A, Winter S, Fisher S, Goeke J, Galla HJ, Kullnich U, Ringelstein EB, Stogbauer F (2000) Electromagnetic fields (1.8 Ghz) increase the permeability to sucrose of the blood-brain barrier in vitro, Bioelectromagnetics Jul;21(5): 338-345. Exposure to EMF increased permeability for (14)C-sucrose significantly compared to unexposed samples (Pilette)

Schlehofer, B., Kunze, S., W., Blettner, M., Niehoff, D. and Wahrendorf, J., 1990: “Occupational risk factors for brain tumors: results from a population-bsed case-control study in Germany”. Cancer Causes and Control 1(3):209-215 – Germany, electrical workers; Women RR = 5.2 (1.4-20.1). A significant increase in risk for brain tumor development was found associated with working in electrical occupations for women (buerg)

Schoemaker MJ, Swerdlow AJ, Ahlbom A, Auvinen A, Blaasaas KG, Cardis E, Christensen HC, Feychting M, Hepworth SJ, Johansen C, Klaeboe L, Lonn S, Mckinney PA, Muir K, Raitanen J, Salminen T, Thomsen J, Tynes T (2005) Mobile phone use and risk of acoustic neuroma : results of the Interphone case-control study in five North European countries, Br J Cancer  Oct 3; 93(7): 842-848. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602764 (Pilette) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16136046 “For 10 or more years of use, there was an increased risk of tumours ipsilateral to reported phone use”

Schüz J, Böhler E, Berg G, Schlehofer B, Hettinger I, Schlaefer K, Wahrendorf  J, Kunna-Grass K and Blettner M (2006) “Cellular Phones, Cordless Phones, and the Risks of Glioma and Meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany)”, Am J Epidemiol (online January 27, 2006) – Among persons who had used cellular phones for 10 or more years, increased risk was found for glioma.

Schüz J et al, (2006) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted from base stations of DECT cordless phones and the risk of glioma and meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany), Radiat Res 2006 Jul; 166(1 Pt 1):116-9 (pwt) – NO EFFECT

Schwartz,, J.L., House, D.E., and Mealing, A.R., 1990: “Exposure of frog hearts to CW or amplitude modulated VHF fields: selective efflux of calcium ions at 16 Hz.” Bioelectromagnetics, 11: 349-358 doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250110409 – calcium movement in the heart affected by RFR at SAR of 0.00015 W/kg. Calcium is important in muscle contraction. Changes in calcium can affect heart functions. The lowest published RF intensity that has been documented to produce significant Ca2+ efflux: 0.00015 W/kg. (Lai; buerg) “results demonstrate for the first time that efflux of calcium ions from frog heart is produced by EM radiation.”

Seaton A, Macnee W, Donaldson K and Godden D, “Particulate air pollution and acute health effects”, The Lancet 1995; 345,176-78 – risk assessment based on increased exposure to air pollution via corona ion effects. (revolt) NOT REM

Selga, T. And Selga, M. 1996. Response of Pinus Sylvestris L. needles to electromagnetic fields. Cytological and ultraestructural aspects. The Science of the Total Environment, 180: 65-73. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969795049215 vi aqui: onderzoek_bomen_planten.pdf  “The stress due to RF EMF generated from Skrunda RLS causes an unspecific response — accelerated resin production and promoted senescence of pine trees.”

Selmaoui B & Touitou Y 1995. Sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields depress rat pineal NAT activity and serum melatonin. Role of duration and intensity of exposure. Life Science 57:1351-1358. doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(95)02092-W (Anselmo)

Selvin, S., Schulman, J. and Merrill, D.W., 1992: “Distance and risk measures for the analysis of spatial data: a study of childhood cancers”. Soc. Sci. Med., 34(7):769-777 – San Francisco, Sutra Tower (FM/TV), children < 21 yrs RR = 2.87, (1.30-6.32), p<0.01 n=35. Comparing <4.5km and >4.5 km Trend p <0.0001. Contrary to the conclusion of Selvin et al. and ICNIRP (1998), who claim that this study shows no evidence of adverse effects, the spatial data when related to actual radial radiation exposure patterns forms significant linear dose-response relationships, with All Cancer and Brain Tumour having extremely significant dose-response relationships. (buerg)

Semin IuA, Shvartsburg LK, Zhavoronkov LP (2002) [“Dependence of microwave effect on the secondary structure of DNA on molecular weight of polynucleotide”] [Article in Russian] Radiats Biol Radioecol Mar-Apr; 42(2): 186-190. electromagnetic radiation activated the process of DNA despiralization under the action of beta-alanine–formaldehyde reaction product (Pilette)

Sevastianova, L.A. (1979) Peculiarities of biological influence of radio waves of the mm range and possibility of their utilization in medicine. Bulletin of Academy of Medical Science of the USSR 2:65-68, 1979.  (avaate table 4 nrs. 10 e 15)

Shahabi S, Hassanzadeh Taji I, Hoseinnezhaddarzi M, Mousavi F, Shirchi S, Nazari A, Zarei H, Pourabdolhossein F. (2018) Exposure to cell phone radiofrequency changes corticotrophin hormone levels and histology of the brain and adrenal glands in male Wistar rat. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2018 Dec;21(12):1269-1274. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.29567.7133. Open access paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6312682/ Cell phone RF exposure induced significant hormonal and structural changes in adrenal gland and brain tissues. (Mosko)

Shahin NN, El-Nabarawy NA, Gouda AS, Mégarbane B (2019) The protective role of spermine against male reproductive aberrations induced by exposure to electromagnetic field – An experimental investigation in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Mar 13. pii: S0041-008X(19)30091-2. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.009. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30878504 Exposure to EMF significantly decreased sperm count, viability and motility, and increased sperm deformities (Mosko)

Shallom JM, Di Carlo AL, Ko D, Penafiel LM, Nakai A, Litovitz TA (2002) Microwave exposure induces Hsp70 and confers protection against hypoxia in chick embryos, J Cell Biochem; 86(3):490-496 – alteration of cell defence mechanism. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12210755 Levels of Hsp70 were found to increase within 2 h (Pilette)

Sharma, V.P. & Kumar, N.R. (2010) Changes in honeybee behaviour and biology under the influence of cellphone radiations. Current Science, Vol. 98, No. 10, 1376-1378. “We have compared the performance of honeybees in cellphone radiation exposed and unexposed colonies. A significant (p < 0.05) decline in colony strength and in the egg laying rate of the queen was observed. The behaviour of exposed foragers was negatively influenced by the exposure, there was neither honey nor pollen in the colony at the end of the experiment.” http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/25may2010/1376.pdf Comment: Consistent findings with bees. The cell phone was place next to the hive. (emfr)

Shaw GW & Croen LA 1993. Human adverse reproductive outcomes and electromagnetic fields exposures: review of epidemiologic studies. Env Health Persp 101:107-119. (Anselmo) NO EFFECT

Sigler, A.T., Lilienfeld, A.M., Cohen, B.H. and Westlake, J.E., 1965: “Radiation exposure in parents of children with mongolism (Down’s Syndrome)”. Bulletin Johns Hopkins Hospital. 117: 374-399 – found a significant risk from parental radar exposure. (buerg)

Simkó M & Mattssom M-O 2004. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: possible immune cell activation. J Cell Biochem 93:83-92. (Anselmo)

Simkó M (2007) Cell type specific redox status is responsible for diverse electromagnetic field effects. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(10):1141-52. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456027 modulations on the oxidant and antioxidant level through ELF-EMF exposure can play a causal role in cancer development

Simonenko,V.B, Chernetsov AA & Lyutov VV (1998) Influence of electromagnetic radiation in the radio-frequency range on the health condition of an organized collective, Voenno-med-itsinskiy zhurnal CCCXIX(5):64-68 –  presented data from an investigation over a span of four years of groups of workers having contact in the course of their work with low-power EHF EMR. The first group received irradiation at a level of 30-40 μW/cm2 for up to six hours a day. The second group received irradiation at a level of 10-30 μW/cm2for from two minutes to 2-4 hours a day. The third group received irradiation at a level of 1 μW/cm2.All other conditions among the groups were identical. In the first group, the most frequent illnesses proved to be neurotic syndrome with vegetative dysfunction and astheno-vegetative syndrome. There was a high frequency of hypertension, early development of ischemic heart disease, and bronchospasms. Nearly all the persons studied complained of: headache and dizziness; irritability; fatigability; general weakness; sleep disturbance; daytime sleepiness; pain in the region of the heart; difficulty breathing; and stomach pains and indigestion. The frequency and nature of the complaints were identical for men and women, and the nature of the complaints were identical for all groups, but quantitatively they increased depending on age and number of years on the job. (ussr)

Sinczuk-Walczak H, Bortkiewicz A, Zmyslony M (2004) [Effects of electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phones on the nervous system] [Article in Polish] Med Pr 55(5): 435-438. (Pilette) NO EFFECT

Skyberg, K., Hansteen, I.L., and Vistnes, A.I., 1993: “Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of high-voltage laboratory cable splicers exposed to electromagnetic fields”. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 19(1):29-34. (buerg)

Smolyanskaya, A.Z. & Vilenskaya, R.L. (1973) Action of electromagnetic radiation of the mm range on functional activity of some genetic elements of bacterial cells. UFN 110(3):458- 460, 1973. (avaate table 4 nrs 13)

Smolyanskaya, A. Z., Gel’vich, E.A. & Golant, M. B. (1979) Resonant phenomena under effect of electromagnetic waves of the mm range on biological objects.  Uspekhi sovremennoy biologii 87(3):381-392, 1979. (avaate table 4 nrs. 20, 21)

Sobel E., Dunn, M., Davanipour DVM, Qian MS, Chui MD (1996a) Elevated risk of Alzheimer’s disease among workers with likely electromagnetic field exposure, Neurology 47(12): 1477-1481 – found that workers in industries with likely electromagnetic field exposure have a very significant (p=0.006) increase in incidence of Alzheimer’s disease, OR = 3.93, 95% CI: 1.5-10.6. For males the adjusted odds ratio was 4.9, 95% CI: 1.3-7.9, p=0.01, and for females, OR = 3.40, 95% CI: 0.8-16.0, p = 0.01. (buerg)

Sobel E, Davanipour DVM (1996b) Electromagnetic field exposure may cause increased production of amyloid beta and eventually lead to Alzheimer’s disease, Neurology 47(12):1594-1600. (buerg)

Soldatchenkov, V.N., Bitkin, S .V., Tomashevskaya, L.A., et al. Functional condition of the offspring of rats subjected to local exposure to EHF EMR. Pages 153-154 in Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Use of mm Electromagnetic Radiation in Medicine, Proceedings of the 1st All-Union Symposium with International Participation. Kiev: VNK “Otklik,” 1989, 404 pp. (avaate table 4 nr 4)

Somosy et al. Scanning Microsc 5(4):1145-1155, 1991 – RFR at 0.024 W/kg caused molecular and structural changes in cells of mouse embryos. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1822036 Modulated waves of 0.024 mW/g dose increased the ruffling activity of the cells, and caused ultrastructural alteration in the cytoplasm (Lai)

Somosy Z. 2000 Radiation response of cell organelles. Micron 31:165-181 doi.org/10.1016/S0968-4328(99)00083-9 vi aqui: List-of-170-EMF-Review-Studies-M.-Pall.pdf  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10588063 “the non-thermal interaction of cellular membrane surfaces with ELF EMF is a well-known phenomenon”

Speers, M.A., Dobbins, J.G., and Miller, V.S., 1988: “Occupational exposures and brain cancer mortality: a preliminary study of East Texas Residents”. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 13:629-638 – East Texas, Males Glioma, n=202, transportation, communication and utilities industries OR = 2.26 (1.18-4.32), electricity or electromagnetic fields OR = 3.94 (1.52-10.20) Trend: p<0.01. (buerg)

Stagg et al. Bioelectromagnetics 18(3):230-236, 1997- glioma cells exposed to cellular phone RFR at 0.0059 W/kg showed significant increases in thymidine incorporation, which may be an indication of an increase in cell division. (Lai)

Stang A, Anastassiou G, Ahrens W, Bromen K, Bornfeld N, Jockel KH (2001) The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma, Epidemiology Jan;12 (1): 7-12. (Pilette)

Stankiewicz W, Dabrowski MP, Kubacki R, Sobiczewska E, Szmigielski S (2006) Immunotropic influence of 900 MHz microwave GSM signal on human blood immune cells activated in vitro, Electromagn Biol Med 25(1):45-51. doi.org/10.1080/15368370600572961 (Pilette)

Stark, K.D.C., Krebs, T., Altpeter, E., Manz, B., Griol, C. and Abelin, T., 1997: “Absence of chronic effect of exposure to short-wave radio broadcast signal on salivary melatonin concentrations in dairy cattle”. J Pineal Res 22: 171-176 – observed a significant increase in salival melatonin in a group of 5 cows when the short-wave radio transmitter at Schwarzenberg, Switzerland, was turned off for three days, compared to 5 cows that had much lower RF exposure. (buerg)

Stefi AL, Margaritis LH, Skouroliakou AS, Vassilacopoulou (2019) D. Mobile phone electromagnetic radiation affects Amyloid Precursor Protein and α-synuclein metabolism in SH-SY5Y cells. Pathophysiology. Published online March 1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.02.004. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928468018303523 first report linking exposure to EMF emitted by a transmitting mobile phone, to altered metabolism of APP and α-syn in SH-SY5Y cells. (Mosko)

Stevens RG 1987. Electric power use and breast cancer, a hypothesis. Am J Epidemiol 125: 556-561. (Anselmo)

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Stevens R G, Davis S (1996) The melatonin hypothesis: electric power and breast cancer. Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Mar; 104(Suppl 1): 135–140. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469562/ 

Stopczyk D, Gnitecki W, Buczynski A, Markuszewski L, Buczynski J (2002) [Effect of electromagnetic field produced by mobile phones on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and the level of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) – in vitro study][Article in Polish] Med Pr 53(4):311-314. (Pilette)

Stopczyk D, Gnitecki W, Buczynski A, Kowalski W, Buczynska M,  Kroc A (2005) [Effect of electromagnetic field produced by mobile phones on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) – in vitro researches][Article in Polish] Ann Acad Med Stetin 51(Suppl. 1):125-128. (Pilette)

Strayer D et al, (2003) Cell phone-induced failures of visual attention during simulated driving, J Exp Psychol Appl Mar;9(1):23-32 (pwt)

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Suvorov NB, Vasilevskii NN, Ur’iash VV (1986) [Systemic effects of the interaction of an organism and microwaves] [Article in Russian] Radiobiologiia  May-Jun; 26(3): 365-371. (Pilette)

Suvorov NB, Medvedeva MV, Vasilevskii NN (1987) [Neuroeffects of prolonged exposure to microwaves : systemic, neuronal and electron microscope study] [Article in Russian] Radiobiologiia  Sep-Oct; 27(5): 674-679. (Pilette)

Suvorov NB, Medvedeva MV, Vasilevskii NN, Ur’iash VV, Aleksandrova ZhG (1989) [Cumulated biological effects of microwaves and their reflection in behavior, work capacity, growth of body mass and state of brain neurons] [Article in Russian] Radiobiologiia Sep-Oct;29(5):660-666. (Pilette)

Suvorov, N.B., Boitsova, V.V., Medvedeva, M.V., Bogdanov, O.V., and Vasilevskii, N.N., 1994: “The biological action of physical factors in the critical periods of embryogenesis”. Zhurnal Evoliutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii, 30(6):762-768 – Electromagnetic exposure (4 hours a day) in the 10-13 days of incubation period evokes a delay in embryo adaptive motor behavior (biofeedback learning). Morphological investigation shows significant pathological changes, specifically, destruction of share brain synapses. The delay in embryo hatching for a day is also detected. (buerg)

Svedenstgal, B-M., Johanson, K-L., Mattsson, M-O. and Paulson, L-E., 1998: “DNA damage, ODC activities and cell kinetics in CBA mice exposed to magnetic fields generated by transmission lines”. In: Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from Generation, Delivery and Use of Electricity, W/L Associated Ltd, Frederick, MD. (buerg)

Swerdlow AJ 1983. Epidemiology of eye cancer in adults in England and Wales 1962-1977. Am J Epidemiol 18:294-300. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113636 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6881133 the high ratios found 300 for electrical and electronics workers, over 99 per cent of whom were of social classes IIIM and IV in 1971, would not have been expected from their social class and are of particular interest (Anselmo)

Sypniewska RK, Millenbaugh NJ, Kiel JL, Blystone RV, Ringham HN, Mason PA, Witzmann FA (2010) Protein changes in macrophages induced by plasma from rats exposed to 35 GHz millimeter waves. Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Dec;31(8):656-63. (Pall) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20683908

Szmigielski, S., Bielec, M., Lipski, S., and Sokolska, G., 1988: “Immunological and cancer-related aspects of exposure to low level microwave and radiofrequency fields”. In Marino (Ed), ‘Modern Bioelectricity’, Marcel Bekker, N.Y., pp 861-925 – finds significant increases in cancer across the body, especially leukaemia incidence and mortality among Polish Military personnel exposed to radio and radar. (buerg)

Szmigielski, S., 1996: “Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation”. Science of the Total Environment, Vol 180, 1996, pp 9-17 – found increased rates of leukemia and lymphoma among military personnel exposed to EMF fields. (buerg)

Szmigielski, S., Bortkiewicz, A., Gadzicka, E., Zmyslony, M. and Kubacki, R., 1998: “Alteration of diurnal rhythms of blood pressure and heart rate to workers exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields”. Blood Press. Monit, 3(6): 323-330 – found that RF exposure altered heart rate variability and blood pressure. (buerg)

Szyjkowska A, Bortkiewicz A, Szymczak W, Makowiec-Dabrowska T (2005) [Subjective symptoms related to mobile phone use- a pilot study] [Article in Polish] Pol Merkuriusz Lekarski Oct 19(112): 529-532. (Pilette)

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Tanner, J.A. & Romero-Sierra, C. 1974. Beneficial and harmful growth induced by the action of nonionizing radiation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 238: 171-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb26786.x vi aqui: onderzoek_bomen_planten.pdf the mortality rate of the irradiated colony was almost double that of the control colony

Taskinen, H., Kyyronen, P., and Hemminki, K., 1990: “Effects of ultrasound, shortwaves and physical exertion on pregnancy outcome in physiotherapists”. J. of Epidemiology and Community Health, 44:196-210 – found statistically significant increases in congenital malformations in the children of mothers using shortwave therapy. (buerg)

Tattersall et al. Brain Res 904(1):43-53, 2001 – low-intensity RFR (0.0016 – 0.0044 W/kg) can modulate the function of a part of the brain called the hippocampus, in the absence of gross thermal effects. The changes in excitability may be consistent with reported behavioral effects of RFR, since the hippocampus is involved in learning and memory. (Lai)

Terol FF, Panchon A (1995) Exposure of domestic quail embryos to extremely low frequency magnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol Sep 68(3): 321-330. The number of abnormal embryos found in the area exposed to 100 Hz was significantly higher than for their controls (Pilette)

Thalau P, Ritz T, Stapput K, Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (2005) Magnetic compass orientation of migratory birds in the presence of a 1.315 MHz oscillating field. Naturwissenschaften 2005; 92 (2): 86-90 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15614508 (portal) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15614508 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15614508 birds were disoriented in both seasons, indicating that the high frequency field interfered with magnetoreception

Theriault, G., Goldberg, M., Miller, A.B., Armstrong, B., Guenel, P., Deadman, J., Imbemon, E., TO, T., Chevalier, A., Cyr, D. and Wall, C., 1994: “Cancer risks associated with occupational exposures to magnetic fields among utility workers in Ontario, and Quebec, Canada, and France: 1970-1989”. Am. J. of Epidemiology, 139(6): 550-572 – Quebec, Ontario and French Utility workers, >=90th percentile, years of exposure ( 5 years OR = 0.81 (0.3-2.21); (20 years OR = 1.78 (0.69-4.62); >=20 (20 years OR = 5.90 (0.37-94.4). (buerg)

Thomas, T.L., Stolley, P.D., Stemhagen, A., Fontham, E.T.H., Bleecker, M.L., Stewart, P.A., and Hoover, R.N., 1987: “Brain tumor mortality risk among men with electrical and electronic jobs: A case-control study”. J. Nat. Canc. Inst., Vol 79, No.2, pp 233­-238., August 1987 – report a 10-fold increase in astrocytic brain tumor among electronics and repair workers employed for 20 years or more. Some risk was due to solvents, put at a factor of 2, placing RF/MW contribution at a factor of 5. (buerg)

Tice, R.R. et al, Genotoxicity of  radiofrequency signals. I. Investigation of DNA damage and micronuclei induction in cultured human blod cells. Bioelectromagnetics 23:113-126, 2002 – found serious changes in human blood cells following exposure to four different types of cellphone signals. (PH 261)  

Tillmann T, Ernst H, Streckert J, Zhou Y, Taugner F, Hansen V, Dasenbrock C (2010) Indication of cocarcinogenic potential of chronic UMTS-modulated radiofrequency exposure in an ethylnitrosourea mouse model. Int J Radiat Biol 2010; 86 (7): 529-541 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20545575 cocarcinogenic effect of lifelong UMTS exposure (4.8 W/m(2)) in female B6C3F1 descendants subjected to pretreatment with ethylnitrosourea.

Timchenko, O.I., and Ianchevskaia, N.V., 1995: “The cytogenetic action of electromagnetic fields in the short-wave range”. Psychopharmacology Series, Jul-Aug;(7-8):37-9. Electromagnetic field (EMF) at a frequency of 24 or 14 MEGC and intensity of 400 or 200 V/m, increases numbers of hepatocytes from rats with chromosomal aberrations 1.4-1.5-fold (buerg)

Tkalec M, Malaric K, Pevalek-Kozlina B (2005) Influence of 400, 900 and 1900 MHz electromagnetic fields on Lemna minor growth and peroxidase activity, Bioelectromagnetics Apr; 26(3): 185-193. (Pilette) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) might influence plant growth

Tkalec, M., Stambuk, A., Srut, M., Malaric, K. and Klobucar, G.I (2013) Oxidative and genotoxic effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2013; 90: 7–12. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.12.005 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23352129 All exposure treatments induced significant genotoxic effect (Stefi 2019.pdf)

Tomanova K1, Vacha M2. (2016) The magnetic orientation of the Antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica is cancelled by very weak radiofrequency fields. J Exp Biol. 2016 Jun 1;219 (Pt 11):1717-24. EMF Research in the field of animal navigation continues to reveal how very sensitive animals are to low levels of man-made magnetic fields, both ELF power frequency from powerlines and radio-frequency (RF) from communications. Navigation has been found to be disrupted by RF fields at levels of only a few nanotesla (nT), which throws rational doubt on the sometimes self-interested sceptical view that very low fields cannot harm human health. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27026715 vi aqui: http://www.revolt.co.uk/new/pdfnews/Revolt-news-398.pdf  

Tomenius, L.; 50-Hz Electromagnetic Environment and the Incidence of Childhood Tumors in StockHolm County. Bioelectromagnetics Vol 7, pp. 191-207, 1986 – Children with cancer in Stockholm, Sweden, lived in dwellings with EMFs greater than 3 mG more often than controls. Females were 2.3 times and males 1.4 times more likely to live in such dwellings. Increases of 120% for leukemia, 120% for lymphoma and 420% for tumors of the nervous system were found. (Guru)

Törnqvist, S., Knave, B., Ahlbom, A. & Persson, T.; Incidence of leukaemia and brain tumours in some “electrical occupations.” Brit. J. of Industrial Med. Vol 48, pp. 597-603, 1991 – Swedish rail workers exposed to 16.66 Hz fields over 25 mG had no increase in cancer while telephone and telegraph repairmen had a 110% increase in leukemia with 50 Hz mean exposures of only 0.5 to 0.8 mG. (Guru)

Trosko JE 2000. Human health consequences of enviromentally-modulated gene expression: potential roles of ELF-EMF induced epigenetic versus mutagenic mechanisms of disease. Bioeletromag 21:402-406. (Anselmo)

Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Brieieva O, Buchynska L, Kyrylenko S, Henshel D, Yakymenko I (2013) GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation can either stimulate or depress early embryogenesis in Japanese quails depending on the duration of exposure. Int J Radiat Biol. 2013 Sep;89(9):756-63. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23578013 vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks 

Tynes T, Anderson A, Langmark F (1992) Incidence of cancer in Norwegian workers potentially exposed to electromagnetic fields, Am J Epidemiol 136(1):81-88 – electric exposure SIR = 2.20 (1.01-4.18) Tram drivers SIR = 2.04 (0.42-5.98). (buerg)

Tynes T, Hannevik M, Anderson A, Vistnes AI, Haldorsen T (1996) Incidence of breast cancer in Norewegian female radio and telegraph operators, Cancer causes Control 7(2): 197-204 – observed an excess risk of Female Breast Cancer for female radio and telegraph operators exposed to RF (405 kHz-25 MHz), SIR = 1.5 for > 50 yr of age. (buerg)

Tynes T, Haldorsen T (1997) Electromagnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Norwegian high-voltage power lines, Am J Epidemiol 145(3): 219-226 – Norway, Children <0.05 µT 0.05-<0.14 µT >0.14 µT n=10; RR = 1.0 2.6 (0.5-12.0) 2.3 (0.8-6.6) p=0.07. (buerg)

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Veyret et al. Bioelectromagnetics 12(1):47-56, 1991 – low intensity RFR at SAR of 0.015 W/kg affects functions of the immune system. (Lai)

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Wang, S.G. 1989: “5-HT contents change in peripheral blood of workers exposed to microwave and high frequency radiation”. Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih 23(4): 207-210 – found that workers who were more highly exposed to RF/MW had a dose-response increase in serotonin, and hence indicates a reduction in melatonin. (buerg)

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Welker HA et al. 1983. Effects of an artificial magnetic field on serotonin N-acetyl transferase activity and melatonin content of the rat pineal gland. Exp Brain Res 50:426-432. (Anselmo)

Wenzel C, Wohr Anna-Caroline, Unshelm J (2002) Das Verhalten von Milchrinden unter dem Einfluss elektromagnetischer Felder, Praktischer Tierarzt 83, Heft 3: 260-267 – study on cows. (Pilette)

Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E. (1979) Electrical Wiring Configurations and Childhood Cancer. Am. J. of Epidemiology Vol 109, No. 3, pp. 273-284, 1979 – The paper’s import stems from its being the first epidemiological work to significantly link electromagnetic fields (EMFs) to human cancer. This seminal publication has spawned numerous confirmatory studies. Denver children with cancer lived or were born in dwellings with mean EMFs of 1.7 mG twice as often as controls. (Guru) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/453167 In 1979, Nancy Wertheimer and Ed Leeper published a study suggesting that residential magnetic fields could cause childhood cancer. They didn’t actually measure magnetic fields, but noticed that the electrical distribution wires at residences with childhood cancer cases were thicker than at control houses. Thick wires carry more current, and magnetic fields are proportional to current flow. Milham, Sam/116212908-Dirty-Electricity.pdf

Wertheimer, N. & Leeper, E.; Adult Cancer Related to Electrical Wires Near the Home. Int. J. Epidemiology, Vol 11, No. 4, pp. 345-355, 1982 – The male breast cancer finding has significant implications for females. Lymphoma and cancer of the breast, uterus, and brain were 64% more frequent in residents with a mean EMF of 2.5 mG than among controls. (Guru)

Wertheimer, N, and Leeper, E., 1986: “Possible effects of electric blankets and heated waterbeds on fetal development”. Bioelectromagnetics 7:13-22 – found a seasonal pattern of developmental delay and spontaneous abortion which significantly correlated with the use of times when electrically heated beds were used. They were not able to correlate the reproductive outcomes directly with electric field exposure. Subsequent studies have found this, confirming this result could well be EMR related. (buerg)

West, John G.; Nimmi S. Kapoor, Shu-Yuan Liao, June W. Chen, Lisa Bailey, and Robert A. Nagourney (2013) Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones. Case Reports in Medicine Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 354682, 5 pages https://www.hindawi.com/journals/crim/2013/354682/ vi aqui: https://cancerresearchideas.cancer.gov/a/idea-v2/185373

Westerman R, Hocking B (2004) Diseases of modern living: neurological changes associated with mobile phones and radiofrequency radiation in humans, Neurosci Lett May 6; 361(1-3):13-16. (Pilette)

Weyandt, T.B., Schrader, S.M., Turner, T.W. and Simon, S.D., 1996: “Semen analysis of military personnel associated with military duty assignments”. Reprod Toxicol 10(6):521-528 – A small group (n=30) of U.S. Military personnel exposed to radar had significantly lower (p=0.009) lower sperm counts. (buerg)

Wilen J et al, (2006) Psychophysiological tests and provocation of subjects with mobile phone related symptoms, Bioelectromagnetics 2006 Apr; 27(3):204-14 (pwt)

Williams WM, Platner J, Michaelson SM (1984) Effect of 2.450 Mhz microwave energy on the blood-brain barrier to hydrophilic molecules. C. Effect on the permeability to (14C) sucrose, Brain Res May; 319(2): 183-190. (Pilette)

Wilson BW, Anderson LE, Hilton DI & Phillips RD 1981. Chronic exposure to 60 Hz electric fields: effects on pineal function in the rat. Bioeletromag 2:371-380. (Anselmo)    

Wilson BW 1988. Chronic exposure to ELF fields may induce depression. Bioelectromag 9:195-205. (Anselmo) 

Wilson BW, Stevens, RG & Anderson LE 1989. Neuroendocrine mediated effects of electromagnetic-field exposure: possible role of the pineal gland life. Life Science 45:1319-1332. (Anselmo)

Wilson BW, Wright CW, Morris JE, Buschbom RL, Brown DP, Miller DL, Sommers-Flannigan R, Anderson LE (1990) Evidence of an effect of ELF electromagnetic fields on human pineal gland function, J Pineal Research 9(4): 259-269.

Wilson BW et al. 1999. Effects of 60 Hz magnetic field exposure on the pineal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the Siberian hamster (Phodopus Sungorus). Bioeletromag 20:224-232. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10230936 reduction in melatonin concentrations at 4 h after onset of darkness and an increase in blood prolactin concentrations (Anselmo)

Wijngaarden EV Van, Savitz DA, Kleckner RC, Cai J and Loomis D, “Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Suicide Among Electric Utility Workers: A Nested Case-Control study”, WJM 2000;173, 94-100 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924428 – For recent exposure and 1 to 5 years of recent exposure there were significant dose-response relationships with cumulative exposure to electromagnetic fields. (revolt; buerg)

Wolf FI, Torsello A, Tedesco B, Fasanella S, Boninsegna A, D’Ascenzo M, Grassi C, Azzena GB, Cittadini A (2005) 50-Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields enhance cell proliferation and DNA damage: possible involvement of a redox mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Mar 22;1743(1-2):120-9. (Pall) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15777847 A dose-dependent increase in DNA damage was observed in all cell lines, with two peaks occurring at 24 and 72 h.

Wolf, Ronni and Wolf, Danny (2004) “Increased incidence of cancer near a cell-phone transmitter station: Netanya”, Israel International Journal of Cancer Prevention, April 2004 – study indicates an association between an increased incidence of cancer and living in proximity to a cell-phone transmitter station. There was a significantly greater incidence of cancers of all kinds within the vicinity of a cell-phone transmitter station

Wolff MS, Collman GW, Barrett JC, Huff J (1996) Breast cancer and environmental risk factors: epidemiological and experimental findings. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996;36:573-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8725402 Evidence for nonionizing radiation (electromagnetic field) exposures and breast cancer is suggestive, albeit limited

Wolke et al. Bioelectromagnetics (1996) Calcium homeostasis of isolated heart muscle cells exposed to pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 17(2):144-153, 1996 – RFR at 0.001W/kg affects calcium concentration in heart muscle cells of guinea pigs. (Lai) onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1996)17:2%3C144::AID-BEM9%3E3.0.CO%3B2-3/abstract a very small but statistically significant difference was detected in the case of 900 MHz/50 Hz

Wood, A.W., Armstrong, S.M., Sait, M.L., Devine, L. and Martin, M.J., 1998: “Changes in human plasma melatonin profiles in response to 50 Hz magnetic field exposure”. J Pineal Research 25(2): 116-127. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9755033 When exposure preceded onset of rise, a significant delay in onset time relative to sham-exposure of approximately half an hour was observed (buerg)

Wright WE, Peters J & Mack T 1985. Leukemia in workers exposed to eletrical and magnetic fields. Lancet i:811. (Anselmo)

Wyde, Michael; Mark Cesta, Chad Blystone, Susan Elmore, Paul Foster, Michelle Hooth, Grace Kissling, David Malarkey, Robert Sills, Matthew Stout, Nigel Walker, Kristine Witt, Mary Wolfe, John Bucher (2016) Report of Partial Findings from the National Toxicology Program Carcinogenesis Studies of Cell Phone Radiofrequency Radiation in Hsd: Sprague Dawley® SD rats (Whole Body Exposures). BioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 26, 2016 http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/06/23/055699 (ver p. 36) (vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-center/ntp-cancer-results) referenciar assim: — RepPartFind NTP CarcStHsd. The occurrences of two tumor types in male Harlan Sprague Dawley rats exposed to RFR, malignant gliomas in the brain and schwannomas of the heart, were considered of particular interest


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(início)

Xu S, Ning W, Xu Z, Zhou S, Chiang H, Luo J (2006) Chronic exposure to GSM 1800-MHz microwaves reduces excitatory synaptic activity in cultured hippocampal neurons, Neurosci Lett May 8; 398(3): 253-257. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16443327 GSM 1800-MHz microwaves may reduce excitatory synaptic activity and the number of excitatory synapses in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (Pilette)

Xu, Shanshan; Guangdi Chen, Chunjing Chen, Chuan Sun, Danying Zhang, Manuel Murbach, Niels Kuster, Qunli Zeng, and Zhengping Xu (2013) Cell Type-Dependent Induction of DNA Damage by 1800 MHz Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Does Not Result in Significant Cellular Dysfunctions. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1): e54906. vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks  180203 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054906 RF-EMF induces DNA damage in a cell type-dependent manner


Y

(início)

Yadav AS, Sharma MK (2008) Increased frequency of micronucleated exfoliated cells among humans exposed in vivo to mobile telephone radiations. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2008; 650 (2): 175-180 https://www.emf-portal.org/en/article/15588 (portal1) The mean frequency of micronucleated cells and total micronuclei were statistically significant higher in the exposure group

Yakymenko (2011) Long-term exposure to microwave radiation provokes cancer growth: evidences from radars and mobile communication systems. Exp Oncology,  33(2):62-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21716201 Even a year of operation of a powerful base transmitting station for mobile communication reportedly resulted in a dramatic increase of cancer incidence among population living nearby. (eht)

Yakymenko I, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Henshel D, Kyrylenko O, Kyrylenko S (2016) Oxidative mechanisms of biological activity of low-intensity radiofrequency radiation. Electromagn Biol Med. 2016;35(2):186-202. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15368378.2015.1043557 among 100 currently available peer-reviewed studies dealing with oxidative effects of low-intensity RFR, in general, 93 confirmed that RFR induces oxidative effects in biological systems

Yan SW et al (2007) Long-term exposure to low intensity microwave radiation affects male reproductivity. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 13(4):306-8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17491260 Long-term exposure to low intensity microwave radiation evidently increased the sexual dysfunction rate and decreased natural pregnancy rate in men (pwt-radar)

Yao K, Wu W, Wang K, Ni S, Ye P, Yu Y, Ye J, Sun L (2008) Electromagnetic noise inhibits radiofrequency radiation-induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen species increase in human lens epithelial cells. Mol Vis. 2008 May 19;14:964-9. vi aqui: http://microwavenews.com/news-tags/dna-breaks  180203 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509546 significant intracellular ROS increase and significant DNA damage

Ye LL et al 2007 – Radar radiation damages sperm quality Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 13(9):801-3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17929556 Radar radiation damages sperm quality, as shown in the reduction of sperm motility and elevation of sperm abnormality (pwt-radar)

Yellon SM 1994. Acute 60 Hz magnetic field exposure effects on the melatonin rhythm in the pineal gland and circulation of the adult Djungarian hamster. J Pineal Res 16:136-144. (Anselmo) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7932036 exposure was found to blunt the increase and suppress the duration of the nighttime melatonin rise

Youbicier-Simo BJ, Boudard F, Cabaner C, Bastide M (1997)  Biological effects of continuous exposure of embryos and young chickens to electromagnetic fields emitted by video display units, Bioelectromagnetics 18(7): 514-523. (Pilette) exposure was accompanied by significantly increased fetal loss (47-68%) and markedly depressed levels of circulating anti-Tg IgG, CORT, and MLT  

Youbicier-Simo BJ, Lebecq JC, Bastide M (1998) Mortality of Chicken Embryos Exposed to EMFs from Mobile Phones, Presented at the 20th Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, St. Pete Beach, FL, June  – Increased mortality of chicken embryos exposed to cell phone radiation. www.buergerwelle.de/assets/files/grn/omega55.htm necropsy distribution in the exposed group was essentially restricted to an area around the source of EMF

Yurekli A et al, (2006) GSM base station electromagnetic radiation and oxidative stress in rats, Electromagn Biol Med 25(3):177-88 (pwt) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16954120 MDA (malondialdehyde) level was found to increase and GSH (reduced glutathione) concentration was found to decrease significantly


Z

(início)

Zalyubovskaya, N .P. & Kisele v, R.I. (1975) Principles and criteria of evaluation of the influence of mm-range EMR on biological objects. Vestnik Khar’kovskovo Gosuniversiteta 130(4):138-141, 1975. (avaate table 4 nr 9)

Zaloubovskaya, N.P. & Kiselev, R.I. (1978) Biological oxidation in cells under the influence of radio waves in the millimeter range. U.S. Joint Pub. Research Service Rep. JPRS 1/7957, Aug. 15, 1978, pp. 6-11. (avaate table 4 nr 21)

Zare S, Hayatgeibi H, Alivandi S, Ebadi AG (2006)  Effects Of 50 Hz Magnetic Field On Some Factors Of The Immune System In Male Guinea Pigs, The Internet Journal of Medical Technology Vol 3 Nr 1 – The data suggests that EMF is able to change the serum levels of ACTH, cortisol and glucose, thus it is possible that it changes the endocrinological regulations.

Zare S, Alivandi S, Ebadi AG (2007) Histological studies of the low frequency electromagnetic fields effect on liver, testes and kidney in guinea pig. World Applied Sciences Journal (2007); 2(5):509-511. swell in epithelial cells of kidneys’ tubules and subsequent cell necrosis

Zarei S, Vahab M, Oryadi-Zanjani MM, Alighanbari N, Mortazavi SM (2019) Mother’s Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields before and during Pregnancy is Associated with Risk of Speech Problems in Offspring. J Biomed Phys Eng. 2019 Feb 1;9(1):61-68. http://www.jbpe.org/Journal_OJS/JBPE/index.php/jbpe/article/view/676 statistically significant associations were found between the use of cordless phone and offspring speech problems (Mosko)

Zaret, Milton M; W Z Snyder, L. Birenbaum (1976) Cataract after exposure to non-ionizing radiant energy. The British journal of ophthalmology. www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Cataract-after-exposure-to-non-ionizing-radiant-en-Zaret-Snyder/07ee8b69e400d2805f4d697cd6e8759e99bd3fcb cataractogenesis was accelerated following recent, repeated exposure to the intense, infrared radiation

Zaret, M.M., 1977: “Potential hazards of hertzian radiation and tumors. NY State J Med,146-147. (buerg) NO ABSTRACT

Zecca L, Mantegazza C, Margonato V, Cerretelli P, Caniatti M, Piva F, Dondi D, Hagino N (1998) Biological effects of prolonged exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields in rats: III. 50 Hz electromagnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics 19(1): 57-66. (Pilette) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9453708 The major changes in the brain involved the opioid system in frontal cortex, parietal cortex, and hippocampus

Zeng QL, Weng Y, Chen GD, Lu DQ, Chiang  H, Xu  ZP (2006) [Effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on protein expression profile of human breast cancer cell MCF-7][Article in Chinese] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. May; 40(3):153-158. (Pilette) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16836875 protein expression changes induced by RF radiation might depend on exposure duration and mode

Zhang DY, Xu ZP, Chiang H, Lu DQ, Zeng QL (2006) [Effects of GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on DNA damage in Chinese hamster lung cells]   [Article in Chinese] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi May; 40(3):149-152. (Pilette) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16836873 percentage of gammaH2AX foci positive cell was significantly higher compared with the sham-exposure

Zhao Z, Wu F (1998) [Effects of millimeter wave irradiation with different frequency and power density on their offsprings in mice] [Article in Chinese] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi Sep; 32(5): 289-291. (Pilette) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10322774 fetal damage in mice and decrease in their learning and memory function

Zhavoronkov LP, Kolganova OI, Dubovik BV, Matrenina VL, Posadskaia VM (2003) [Effects of microwave radiation on conditioned behavior of rats][Article in Russian] Radiats Biol Radioecol Jan-Feb;43(1):75-81. (Pilette) www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12677663 transitory reductions in conditioned behavior after acute microwave exposure

Zothansiama, et al. (2017) “Impact of radiofrequency radiation on DNA damage and antioxidants in peripheral blood lymphocytes of humans residing in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations.” Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 36.3 (2017): 295-305. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15368378.2017.1350584 This study evaluated effects in the human blood of individuals living near mobile phone base stations (within 80 meters) compared with healthy controls (over 300 meters). The study found higher radiofrequency radiation exposures and statistically significant differences in the blood of people living closer to the cellular antennas. The group living closer to the antennas had for example, statistically significant higher frequency of micronuclei and a rise in lipid peroxidation in their blood. These changes are considered biomarkers predictive of cancer. (eht)

Zwamborn APM, Vossen SAJA, Van Leersum BJAM, Ouwens MA, Makel WN (2003) Effects of Global Communication system radio-frequency fields on Well Being and Cognitive Functions of human subjects with and without subjective complaints, FEL-03-C148. The Hague, the Netherlands: TNO Physics and Electronics Laboratory. (Pilette) http://milieugezondheid.be/dossiers/gsm/TNO_rapport_Nederland_sept_2003.pdf We have found a statistically significant relation between UMTS-like fields with a field strength of 1 V/m and the Well Being





Publications of Gilles Thériault md, DrPH on exposure to electromagnectic fields (EMF) and human cancer
 
1.    Thériault G. Electromagnetic fields and leukemia in man: epidemiological evidence. Abstract. La med del lav 1986;77(1): 102.
2.    Deadman JE, Camus M, Armstrong B, Héroux P, Cyr D, Plante M, Thériault G. Assessment of occupational and residential exposures to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields and high frequency electric transients, using a new dosimeter. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1988;49(8): 409-419.
3.    Thériault G. Health effects of electric and magnetic fields: occupational studies. Extended Abstract in Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields: Statistical Support for Research Strategies.(1990) SAS Conference on Radiation and Health VIII, American Statistical Association, 1429 Duke St., Alexandria, Virginia.
4.    Armstrong BG, Deadman JE, Thériault G. A comparison of indices of ambient exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 1990;11: 337-347.
5.    Thériault G. Cancer risks due to exposure to electromagnetic fields. In Recent Results in Cancer Research, 1990;120: 166-180.
6.    Ad Hoc IARC working group (G. Thériault listed). Extremely Low-Frequency Electric and Magnetic fields and risk of human cancer. Bioelectromagnetics 1990;11: 91-99.
7.    Thériault GP. Health effects of electromagnetic radiation on workers: epidemiologic studies. (1991) In Proceedings of the Scientific Workshop on the Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields on Workers. Edited by Philip E. Bierbaum and John M. Peters. January 30-31, 1991, Cincinnati, Ohio, US Department of Health and Human Sciences, CDC, NIOSH. 91-124.
8.    Thériault G. Champs électromagnétiques et risques de cancer. Arch Mal Prof 1992; 53:535-40.
9.    Thériault G. Electromagnetic fields and cancer risks. Rev Épidem et Santé Publ 1992; 40: S55-S62.
10.    Thériault G. Electromagnetic fields and cancer risks. Selected as an outstanding article by Clinical Digest Series. reproduced as an abstract in Breast Cancer Digest, Fall 1992.
11.    Thériault G, Goldberg M, Miller AB, Armstrong B, Guénel P, Deadman J, Imbernon E, To T, Chevalier A, Cyr D, Wall C. Cancer risks associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric utility workers in Ontario and Québec, Canada and France: 1970-1989. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 139:550-72.
12.    Armstrong B, Thériault G, Guénel P, Deadman J, Goldberg M, Héroux P. Association between Exposure to Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer in Electric Utility Workers in Québec, Canada, and France. Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:805-20.
13.    Koifman S, Thériault G. Electric and magnetic fields and cancer: the use of field exposure measurements in epidemiological studies. In Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields, Vol 2, Beneficial and Harmful Effects, edited by David O. Carpenter and Sinerik Ayrapetyan, Academic Press Inc, San Diego, California, 1995, pp 201-231.
14.    Theriault G. Electromagnetic fields. In Epidemiology of Work Related Diseases. Edited by Corbett McDonald. British Medical Journal PublishingGroup. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London WC1H9JR. 1995; pp 498. ISBN 0-7279-0856-1
15.    Deadman JE, Church G, Bradley C, Armstrong B, Thériault G. Retrospective Estimation of Exposures to Confirmed or Suspected Carcinogens in an Electrical Utility. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 1995;10:856-871.
16.    Thériault G. Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer Risks. In Introduction to Environmental Epidemiology. Edited by Evelyn O Talbot and Gunther F Craun. CRC Lewis Publishers. New York. 1995. ISBN 0-87371-573-X.
17.    Baris D, Armstrong BG, Deadman J, Thériault G. A Case Cohort Study of Suicide in Relation to Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields among Electrical Utility Workers. Occup Environ Med 1996;53:17-24.
18.    Baris D, Armstrong BG, Deadman J, Thériault G. A Mortality of Electrical Utility Workers in Québec. Occup Environ Med 1996;53:25-31.
19.    Deadman JE, Armstrong BG, Thériault G. Exposure to 60Hz magnetic and electric fields at a Canadian electric utility. Scand J Work Environ Health 1996;22:415-424.
20.    Li CY, Thériault G, Lin RS. Epidemiological appraisal of studies of residential exposure to power frequency magnetic fields and adult cancers. Occup Environ Med 1996;53:505-510.
21.    Li CY, Thériault G, Lin RS. Residential Exposure to 60-Hertz Magnetic Fields and Adult Cancers in Taiwan. Epidemiology 1997;2:25-30.
22.    Li CY, Thériault G, Lin RS. A Validity Analysis of Residential Magnetic Fields Estimated from High-Voltage Transmission Lines. J Exposure Anal Environ Epidemiol 1997;7:493-504.
23.    Savitz DA, Dufort V, Armstrong B, Thériault G. Lung Cancer in Relation to Employment in the Electrical Utility Industry and Exposure to Magnetic Fields. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:396-402.
24.    Theriault G, Li CY. Risks of leukeamia among residents close to high voltage transmission electric lines. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:625?628.
25.    Deadman JE, Church G, Bradley C, Armstrong B, Thériault G. Task-based estimation of past exposures to 60-hertz magnetic and electric fields at an electrial utility. Scand J Work Environ Health 1997;23:440-409
26.    Thériault G. Evidence of carcinogenic risk following occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. Eur J Oncol 1998; 3:103-109.
27.    Thériault G. Champs électromagnétiques et cancer: bilan des études en milieu de travail. In Pollution atmosphérique et champs électromagnétiques. Edited by Patrick Levallois et Pierre Lajoie. Les Presses de l’Université Laval, Québec 1998. pp 163-188
28.    McBride ML, Gallagher RP, Thériault G, Armstrong BG, Tamaro S, Spinelli JJ, Deadman JE, Fincham S, Robson D, Choi W. Power frequency electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia in Canada. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 149:831-42.
29.    Kheifets LI, Gilbert ES, Sussman SS, Guénel P, Sahl JD, Savitz DA, Thériault G. Comparative Analysis of the Magnetic Field Studies of Electric Utility Workers: Studies from France, Canada, and the United States. Occup Environ Med 1999; 56:567-574
30.    Deadman JE, Armstrong B, McBride ML, Gallagher R, Thériault G. Exposures of children in Canada to 60 Hz magnetic and electric fields. Scand J Work Environ Health 1999;25:368-375.
31.    Theriault G. Electromagnetic fields. In Epidemiology of Work Related Diseases. Second Edition. Edited by Corbett McDonald. British Medical Journal Publishing Group. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London WC1H9JR. 2000; pp 59-84. ISBN 0-7279-1432-4